云浮黄铁矿利用过程中微量毒害元素的环境化学活动性  

Chemical mobility of toxic trace elements in Yunfu pyrite and its slag at surface conditions

作　　者：谢文彪[1] 陈穗玲[1] 陈永亨[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学生物化学工程学院化学系环境应用化学研究所,广东广州510405

出　　处：《地球化学》2001年第5期465-469,共5页Geochimica

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(9980383);广东省环保局基金;广东省重点科技攻关项目(99M05301G)

摘　　要：为了解云浮黄铁矿利用过程中微量毒害元素的环境地球化学行为,客观评价它们对环境质量的影响,利用元素结合形态的连续提取实验方法,分析了云浮黄铁矿及其工业废渣中Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd、Sn、Sb、Pb和Tl等11种毒害元素的形态及化学活动性。结果表明,黄铁矿中大部分微量毒害元素都有着极强的化学活动性,各元素活动态浸出比例依次为Co96.3%、Se91.9%、Cu90.3%、Cd90.0%、Pb89.7%、Zn88.6%、Sb82.5%、Ni80.6%、Sn70.0%、Tl55.1%和As31.9%,元素As和Tl主要赋存于硫化物和硅酸盐矿物相中,另有少量的Cu、Pb和Sb可能赋存于碳酸盐矿物相中,其他元素则主要赋存于硫化物矿物相中。与黄铁矿相比,飞灰和灰渣中各元素可交换态和碳酸盐结合态所占的比例明显减少。废渣中各元素的化学活动性表现出很大的差别,其中Cu、Zn和Cd的化学活动性最强,活性态浸出比例在90%以上;其次是Co、Ni、Se、Pb和Tl,浸出比例在50%左右;Sb、As和Sn的稳定性较高,浸出比例分别为1%、5%和14%左右;飞灰中微量毒害元素的活动性均高于灰渣。In order to study the geochemical behavior about toxic trace elements of Yunfu pyrite in utilization process and evaluate their effects scientifically on environmental quality, the sequential extraction procedure is used to analyze the speciation distribution and chemical mobility of eleven toxic elements (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sn, Sb, Pb and Tl) in Yunfu pyrite and its industrial slag. The results show that most toxic elements have the highest mobility. The extractable fractions of them are sequentially Co 96.3%, Se 91.9%, Cu 90.3%, Cd 90.0%, Pb 89.7%, Zn 88.6%, Sb 82.5%, Ni 80.6%, Sn 70.0%, Tl 55.1%and As 31.9%. Most As and Tl may be occurred in silicate and the rest may be existed in sulfide, part of Cu, Pb, and Sb may be occurred in carbonate, and other elements are mainly existed in sulfide. Compared with pyrite, the proportion of exchangeable metals and metals bound to carbonates in fly ash and pyrite cinders is decreased clearly. The chemical mobility of toxic trace elements has great differences in slag: Cu, Zn and Cd have the highest mobility, and the extractable fractions of them are more than 90%of the total, respectively; Co,Ni, Se, Pb and Tl are second and the extractable fractions of them are about 50%, respectively; Sb, As and Sn have the lower mobility, and the extractable fractions of them are only about 1%, 5%and 14%, respectively. The contents of labile species in fly ash are much higher than those in pyrite cinders.

关 键 词：黄铁矿 微量毒害元素 赋存状态 化学活动性 广东 环境化学 飞灰 灰渣 亲硫元素 

分 类 号：P578.292[天文地球—矿物学] X142[天文地球—地质学]