中国大鲵机械感受器的超微结构  

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE LATERAL LINE MECHANORECEPTIVE ORGANS IN ADULT GIANT SALAMANDER (ANDRIAS DAVIDIANUS)

作　　者：杨国华[1] 程红[1] 付宏兰[1] 马淑芳[1] 白焕红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《动物学报》2001年第5期587-592,T001,共7页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No .390 70 12 6)~~

摘　　要：首次以透射电镜研究了大鲵成体 (实验材料共两条 )皮肤侧线器官中机械感受器即表面神经丘和陷器官的超微结构 ,并在这两种感受器官之间进行了比较。它们都由三种细胞组成 :周围的套细胞 ,底部的支持细胞以及中央的感觉细胞 ;且感觉细胞的游离面均有一根动纤毛和几十根静纤毛。但这两种器官在大小、各种细胞的数量、形状和排列上不同 ,尤其是表面神经丘感觉细胞游离面纤毛具有双向极性 ,而陷器官体现为多向极性 ;表面神经丘的突触球集中分布于一个特殊的感觉细胞 。Mechanoreceptive organs (surface neuromasts and pit organs) in the skin of adult Giant salamander ( Andrias davidianus ) were firstly investigated and compared by using transmission electron microscope. Both of them consist of three cell types: mantle cells situated around, supporting cells at the bottom and sensory cells in the central part. In these two organs, there are many stereocilia and a single kinocilia extending to the free surface of each sensory cell. Though the fundamental structure being similar, the sizes of them, the numbers, morphology and array of all these cell types made up of them are different. Especially on the polarization of the cilia array on the top of sensory cell, surface neuromast takes on two directions. In pit organ, the array is many directions. As for the distribution of synaptic spheres in sensory cells, all the synaptic spheres are located in one special sensory cell of neuromast. In pit organ, there is one synaptic sphere in the base part of each sensory cell. In addition, comparing it with other urodeles summarized the features of surface neuromast in Andrias davidianus. These features suggested this organ's slower physiological function and primitive level. Combining the observational results with the previous work,this paper discussed the possible operative mechanisms of surface neuromast and pit organ,and preferred that they are complementary on functions.

关 键 词：中国大鲵 侧线 神经丘 纤毛 突触球 机械感受器 

分 类 号：Q959.52[生物学—动物学]