小麦种间与品种间杂交种及其亲本之间基因差异表达比较研究  

Alteration of Gene Expression in Wheat Hybrid F_1 and Their Parental Seedling Leaves

作　　者：倪中福[1] 孙其信[1] 吴利民[1] 解超杰[1] 孟凡荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学作物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2001年第4期366-370,共5页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金(3992506);国家自然科学基金(39870484);教育部"跨世纪优秀人才培养计划"基金资助项目

摘　　要：选用小麦种间强优势杂交种 ３３３８×Ｄｉ７（杂种Ⅰ）、品种间强优势杂交种 ３３３８×６５５４（杂种 Ⅱ）和无优势杂交种２４１０ＴＤ×６５５４（杂种Ⅲ）及其亲本斯卑尔脱小麦Ｄｉ７、普通小麦品种（系）３３３８、２４１０ＴＤ和６５５４，采用ｍＲＮＡ差异显示技术分析了杂种和亲本苗期叶片的基因表达差异，以加深对小麦杂种优势形成的分子机理的认识。结果表明：小麦杂交种与其亲本之间在基因表达上均存在明显差异，表现为数量水乎和质量水平上的差异，且差异表达类型丰富。分析发现，强优势杂种Ⅰ和杂种Ⅱ与其双亲间展示出的差异表达条带数目基本相同，但在差异表达类型上存在明显差异，特别是种间杂种Ⅰ中存在较高比例的单亲表达一致型和偏高亲型基因，说明种间杂交种中亲本基因的表达变化方式与品种间杂交种有所不同。研究还发现，与弱优势杂种Ⅲ相比，在强优势杂种Ⅰ和杂种Ⅱ中，增强型、杂种特异表达型及单亲表达增强型比例较高，与以前的研究结果（Ｅｕｐｈｙｔｉｃａ，１９９９，１１７－１２３）一致，表明杂种特异表达或增强表达基因可能与小麦杂种优势形成有重要关系。In order to study the molecular basis of wheat heterosis, mRNA differential display was used to analyze the difference of gene expression between heterotic hybrids 3338×Di7 (hybrid I), 3338×6554 (hybid Ⅱ), nonheterotic hybrid 2410TD×6554 (hybrid Ⅲ) and their parental inbreds 3338,6554,2410TD (common wheat cultivars) and 0i7 (spelt wheat) in seedling leaves. The results indicated that the patterns of gene expression alter obviously in hybrid Fl as compared to its corresponding parents. It was found that there were more complementary genes in heterotic hybrid Ⅰ than in heterotic hybrid Ⅱ, suggesting that the mechanism of heterosis in hybrid between spelt and common wheat might be different from that in hybrid between common wheat cultivars. In contrast with non- heterotic hybrid Ⅲ, there were higher percentage of overexpressed and hybrid specific expressed genes in heterotic hybrids, which con- sists with our previous results (Euphytica, 1999,106: 117-123), indicating that these genes may play important roles in wheat heterosis and should be the emphasis for further studies.

关 键 词：mRNA差异展示 杂种优势 基因表达 小麦 苗期叶片 分子机理 品种间 种间杂种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]