一种更为可靠的测量不确定度评定方法  

A More Reliable Method for Evaluating Uncertainty of Measurement

作　　者：沙定国[1] 苏大图[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学,北京100081

出　　处：《计量学报》2001年第4期272-275,共4页Acta Metrologica Sinica

摘　　要：ISO 1 993《测量不确定度表示指南》只规定了测量结果的一般评定和表示方法 ,没有涉及多渠道测量结果信息如何综合评定的问题。本文从信息论和自由度理论出发 ,提出一种按自由度加权定值及其不确定度评定的新方法 ,并成功地用于一个光学精密测量仪器的不确定度评定和一个光学标准器具的精密定值。这种方法充分利用了各种渠道获得的测量结果信息 ,统一了以往有分歧的处理方法。ISO 1993 Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, which only prescribes general evaluating and expression method of measurement results, does not deal with the problem how to assess and synthesize multi channel information about measurement results. Based on the theories of information and freedom degrees, the paper gives a new method for weight certification and evaluating uncertainty according to degrees of freedom. The method was applied successfully to the uncertainty evaluating on an optical precision measurement instrument and the certification of an optical standard instrument. The method takes fully advantage of all information about measurement results obtained from all possible channels, and unifies the formerly divergent methods of dealing with uncertainty.

关 键 词：自由度 测量不确定度 评定 测量结果 计量学 光学计量 数据处理 

分 类 号：TB9－37[一般工业技术—计量学] TB96[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]