多样生物污水净化系统研究及其应用  

Study on the wastewater purification system of varied organisms.

作　　者：夏雪芬[1] 董发开[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与资源工程系,福州350002

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2001年第3期80-82,共3页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;福建省科委重点资助项目

摘　　要：传统的污水生物处理方法经过近100年的应用和技术改进,其工艺和设备日臻完善,但仍存在投资大、能耗高、管理复杂等缺点。多样生物污水净化系统是按照食物链代谢规律,设置微生物-植物-水生动物3个处理单元。污水中的有机物作为微生物的食料在第1单元被厌氧微生物消化降解成CO_2、H_2O、NH_4^+、CH_4和PO_4^(3-)等,除CH_4作为生物能源可回收利用外,其他物质都是植物的营养物质,在第2单元被藻类等多种植物吸收,通过光合作用合成植物细胞,并释放O_2。在第1、第2单元增殖的过量细胞和藻类成为水生动物的食料,在第3单元被浮游动物和鱼类捕食并转化成动物蛋白。污水中有机物在3个单元组成的生态净化系统中被多样生物逐级利用,最终转化成植物细胞和动物蛋白,使污水得到净化达到三级处理水平,不产生二次污染,是对环境安全的污水处理新技术之一,成为21世纪的新科技。该污水净化系统通过达到自我调控生态平衡,具有工艺流程简单、投资省、运行费用低、管理简便等优点,适合我国国情且应用前景广阔,尤其适用于小城镇污水处理。There are still some defects in the traditional wastewater biological disposal technology>when it has gone through 100 years' application. These defects are greater investment, much power and inconvenient manage-ment. In the wastewater purification system of varied organisms, wastewater is purified according to the metabolism of the food chain step by step. The system is composed of three disposal units of microbes, plants and aquatic animals. The organic matters in wastewater are digested and resolved into CO2,H2O,NH4+,CH4,PO43- , etc. by anaerobe in the first unit. When wastewater passes through the second unit, everyone of them except CH4 is absorbed by algae or plants and transformed into cells of plants by photosynthesis. In the third unit,the exces-sive microbes and algae are eaten by planktons or fish and transformed into animal albumen. Finally wastewater is purified, its effect can arrive at the level of third grade disposal. The wastewater purification technique of varied organisms is an ecological safe disposal technique to environment. It will be a new technique of 21st century. It has a good application foreground, especially is suitable for wastewater disposal in small town.

关 键 词：污水 净化 多样生物 应用前景 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]