昆明市贫困县1996年～2000年孕产妇死亡监测情况分析  

Analysis and Countermeasure of the Maternal Motality Detection from 1996 to 2000 in Poverty Region of Kunming City

作　　者：卜亚萍[1] 赵萍[1] 王焰燕[1] 秦茂华[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明市妇幼保健院,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2001年第6期46-49,共4页Soft Science of Health

摘　　要：目的掌握昆明市贫困县 １９９６～２０００年孕产妇死亡变化趋势及相关因素，制定行之有效的干预措施，降低昆明地区孕产妇死亡率。方法采用回顾性调查的方法，对５年来昆明市贫困县１１７例孕产妇死亡个案进行分析。结果贫困县孕产妇死亡率平均占昆明市孕产妇死亡率的５７．１４％～７２．７３％；贫困县孕产妇死亡率１９９６年以来呈逐年下降趋势，由１９９６年的１３４．７３／１０万下降至２０００年的８３．６７／１０万，下降了 ４０．１２％，但与全国平均水平相比仍有较大差距；贫困县孕产妇前５位死因依次为：产科出血（７７．７８％），妊高征和心脏病（４．２７％），产褥感染（２．５６％），羊水栓塞（１．７１％），肝炎（０．８５％）。产科出血中又以胎盘滞留占第一位，为５３．３３％，第二位为前置胎盘（１７．７８％），第三位为宫缩乏力（１５．５６％），第四位为凝血功能障碍及软产道损伤（６．６７％），第五位为胎盘早剥（４．４４％）。１１７例死亡孕产妇中，有１０４例居住山区，占８８．６９％，有１００例为小学和文盲，占８５．４８％。死于产妇家中６２例，占５２．９９％，死于途中１９例，占 １６．２３％。结论贫困县孕产妇死亡率直接关系到昆明地区孕产妇死亡率。Objective To understand the changing tendency of maternal mortality and relating factors from 1996 to 2000 in poverty region of Kunming City, in order to take effectively intervening measure to decrease the maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Kunming. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the 117 cases of maternal mortality within 5 years in poverty region of Kunming City. Results The MMR in poverty region accounting for 57.14% 72.73% of MMR in Kunming is much higher than average level in China, but there is a decreasing tendency from 134.73 per 100,000 in 1996 to 83.67 per 100,000 in 2000. The causes of maternal death in succession were obstetric hemorrhage (77.78%), amniotic fluid embolism(6. 84%), pregnancy induced hypertension(4.27%), puerperal infection (2.56%), and hepatic diseases (0.85%). The five main causes of obstetric hemorrhage were retention of the placenta(53.33%), placenta previa (17.78%), complication of pregnancy(15.56%),injuries of the soft birth canal (6.67%),placental abruption (4.44%). Among the 117 pregnant women were 104 who lived in mountain area, accounting for 88.89% and 100 who only received primary education, accounting for 85.48%. There were 62 pregnant women accounting for 52.99% who died in the home and 19 on the way to hospital, accounting for 16.23%. Conclusion The MMR of poverty region has directly relation to the MMR of Kunming. We must analyse and master all kinds of factors related to maternal mortality, and generalize measures suitable for poverty region, so as to decrease the MMR and accomplice the tasks required by Developing program for Women.

关 键 词：贫困县 孕产妇 死亡率 监测 分析 对策 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]