早期煤化作用机制与有机质早期成烃演化  

ADVANCES IN THE MECHANISM OF EARLY-STAGE COALIFICATION AND DIAGENSIS OF ORGANIC MATTER

作　　者：姚素平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地球科学系,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2002年第1期63-68,共6页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 :"早期煤化作用机制与有机质成岩演化研究"(编号:40 0 730 17)资助

摘　　要：近年来 ,未熟和低熟油气田的发现、生物气藏的勘探和开发 ,极大地促进了对有机质早期转变的研究 ;而有机质早期转变机制的正确认识对于煤和干酪根中显微组分的成因、后期热演化都有着重要的影响。对早期煤化作用机制和有机质早期成烃作用的研究现状、进展及存在的问题进行了综述。In recent years, great achievements have been made in the mechanism of early-stage coalification and diagensis of organic matter as the results of the exploration and studies on the immature-low mature oils and biogenic gas. In addition, the results of early-stage coalification and diagensis of organic matter are also an important factor for correctly identifying the macerals genesis and its matured process. The research advances are as follows: (1) Advances in coal macerals and lithotypes origin, especilly the results form microscope observation of present peat. Through analysing petrologic and geochemical characteristics of varied salt and fresh water bogs; temperate zone, subtropical zone and the tropics bogs; herbaceous and woody plants peat and the peats formed varied sedimentary environments; Comparing similarities and differences of plant tissue and organ among present bogs surface layer, buried peat and plant relics in coal ball. Coal geologist have studied the degradation process of plant, and present possible cause of coal macerals formation from some plant tissue and organ during biochemical coalification and coalification. (2) Geochemical advances in diagensis of sediementary organic matter. Through the analysis methods such as pyrolysis, thermal simulation experiment, infrared spectroscopic analysis, element analysis, 13CNMR, isotope assaying, GC-MS and so on, scientists have been studing organic molecules, such as humus, humic acid, fat acid, lignin etc , transition and mechanism during diagensis of sedimentary organic matter, and getting clearer understanding of kerogen chemical structure and mature process. (3) Through artificial coalification of peat and the thermal simulation of present plant, analysing the physical-chemical transition process of sedimentary organic matter during early-stage coalification. (4) There are two aspects of influence of bacteria on coal formation during early-stage coalification. ① A lot of microorganis were identified with investigation on peat

关 键 词：早期煤化作用 早期成烃演化 微生物 显微组分 干酪根 有机质 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] P618.11[天文地球—地质学]