荒漠鼠类群落格局  

The Desert Rodent Community Patterns

作　　者：戴昆[1] 潘文石[1] 钟文勤[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2001年第4期1-7,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39670124)。

摘　　要：荒漠鼠类群落是群落生态学研究中重要的模型系统。基于三个明显的优点 ,1)荒漠生态系统结构简单 ,影响群落的因子相对较少 ,容易鉴别主要影响因子 ;2 )同域分布的荒漠鼠类彼此间存在明显直接或间接的相互作用关系 ;3)不同地域的荒漠鼠类群落内共存种在生态、形态、行为、生理生化等诸多水平上趋同 ,荒漠鼠类群落研究一直广受关注。通过对荒漠啮齿类群落格局之间相同和相异特征的比较分析 ,有助于深入理解不同尺度上荒漠鼠类群落格局形成的过程及主要制约因子的作用机制。本文综合评述了不同时空尺度荒漠鼠类群落格局特征 ,着重通过对北美和亚洲中部荒漠鼠类群落共存种的组成、分类学、生态学和生态形态学特征比较 ,分析群落结构组成的趋同和趋异特点、格局的形成过程、相关的主要制约因子 。The desert rodent communities are the important model systems in the research of community ecology.There are three advantages:① The structure of the desert ecosystems is simple, the number of the influenced factors is relatively less, and the main influencing factors are easy to distinguish; ② There are the obviously direct or indirect correlations between the desert rodents in the same distribution areas; ③ The coexistence species of the desert rodent communities in the different regions are similar in the ecology, morphology, behaviour, physiology, etc. The research on the desert rodent communities has been extensively paid a great attention to all along. It contributes to intensively understanding the action mechanism of formation processes of the desert rodent commnity partterns and the main influencing factors in the different scales to compare and analyze the identical and differential characteristics between the desert rodent community patterns. This paper comments sythetically the characteristics of the desert rodent community patterns in the different temporal and spatial scales, analyzes the identical and differential characteristics of the structure, formation processes of the patterns. and the main influencing factors of the communities as well as the coexistence mechanism of the community species by comparing the compositive, systematic, ecological and morphological characteristics of the coexistence species of the desert rodent communities in North America and Central Asia.

关 键 词：荒漠 鼠类 群落格局 生态学 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]