膝上外侧血管复合组织瓣移植的应用解剖  

Anatomy study of compound flap pedicled with superior lateral genicular artery

作　　者：邢进峰[1] 陈中[1] 曹扬[1] 张春[1] 吴恙[1] 赵巍[1] 林平[1] 童鑫[1] 施铁军[1] 

机构地区：[1]金华市中心医院骨科,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2001年第4期329-330,332,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

摘　　要：目的 :为膝上外侧血管复合组织瓣移植提供解剖学依据。方法 :5 0侧红色乳胶灌注的下肢标本 ,解剖观察膝上外侧动脉的起始、走行、分支、分布及吻合。结果 :膝上外侧动脉在股骨外侧髁近侧 (2 .9± 0 .5 )cm处起于动脉 ,起始处动脉外径 (2 .2± 0 .4)mm ,主干长 (2 .6± 0 .4)cm ,至外侧肌间隔处发出上、中、下 3支骨膜支分布于股骨下端前外侧。前、后、远 3支皮支 ,分别于股骨外上髁近侧 (4.0± 0 .5 )、(5 .0± 0 .5 )和 (1.5± 0 .3 )cm处进入股下端外侧皮肤 ,远侧皮支及下肢骨膜支发出交通支与膝关节血管吻合 ,并有分支分布至髂胫束。结论 :①膝上外侧动脉可构成皮瓣或骨膜、髂胫束组成的复合组织瓣 ;②带血管转位可修复膝部软组织缺损 ;③游离移植修复手、前臂远端或踝足部伴骨、肌腱、皮肤复合组织缺损。Objective:To provide anatomic basis for the flap or c ompound flap pedicled with the superior lateral genicular artery.Methods: The origins, courses, distributions and anastomosis of superior lateral genicular artery were observed on 50 adult caderveric lower limb specimens injected with red latex.Results: The superior lateral genicular artery originated from the poplited artery at the site of 2.9±0.5 cm proximal to the lateral epicondyle of the femur.The caliber and the length of main trunk of superior lateral genicular artery were 2.2±0.4 mm and 2.6±0.4 cm respectively.The superior lateral genicular artery gave off upper, middle and lower periosteal branches to distribute to the lateral of distal femur, and gave off anterior, dorsal and distal cutanecus branches to supply lateral skin of the distal femur at the site of 4.0±5.0, 5.0±0.5 and 1.5±0.3 cm proximal to the lateral epicondyle of the femur respectively.The distal cutaneous and lower periosteal branch also gave off communication branch individually which anastomosed with the artery network of knee joint.The lower branch of i t also nourished to the iliotibial tract.Conclusion: The superior lateral genicular artery can be used for transposition to repair the defect of compound tissue on the hand, distal of the forearm, the ankle and the dorsal of the foot.

关 键 词：膝上外侧动脉 髂胫束 复合皮瓣 

分 类 号：R622[医药卫生—整形外科] R323.72[医药卫生—外科学]