常规定量杀菌试验方法的缺陷及其改进  

SHORTCOMINGS AND IMPROVEMENT OF ROUTINE QNANTITATIVE GERMICIDAL TEST METHOD

作　　者：张本[1] 刘衡川[1] 林怡伶[1] 佘彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华西医科大学公共卫生学院,成都610041

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2001年第3期145-149,共5页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：采用悬液与载体试验方法，对定量杀菌试验中的接种量对结果的影响，进行了试验观察。结果，以本试验所用消毒剂及其浓度，作用至规定时间，按常规取０．５０ ｍｌ菌药混合液加 ４．５０ ｍｌ中和剂中和后，取 ０．５０ ｍｌ接种（相当菌药混合液 ０．０５ｍｌ），培养结果无菌，杀灭率为１００％；将０．５０ ｍｌ菌药混合液与４．５０ ｍｌ中和剂混匀后全量接种，或将菌药混合液全部（５．１０ ｍｌ）接种，则消毒后残留菌数为 ６～２３ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ，杀灭率为９９．９９７％～９９．９９９％。在载体定量杀菌试验中，经消毒液作用后的菌片用 ５．０ ｍｌ中和剂洗下菌片上菌，按常规取０．５ ｍｌ洗脱液接种，杀灭率均为１００％；将洗脱液全量接种，则消毒后残留菌数为９０～１００ｃｆｕ／片，杀灭率为９９．９９６％～９９．９９８％。因此，在定量杀菌试验报告杀灭率为 １００％时，宜根据增量接种所得结果。The influence of inoculum volume on the results of quautitative germicidal test was ob- served experimentally using the suspension and carrier test methods. The results indicated that after the bacterial suspension was mixed with the disinfectant at the concentration used in this test, exposed for the specified time and 0.50 ml of the mixture was neutralized by addi- tion of 4.50 ml of neutralizer, 0.50 ml of the neutralized mixture (equivalent to 0.05 ml of bacterial suspension- disinfectant mixture) was inoculated and no growth resulted after incubation, indicating that the killing rate was 100%. When all the mixture of 0.50 ml of bacterial suspension-disinfectant mixture and 4.50 ml of neutralizer was inoculated, or all the bacterial suspension-disinfectant mixture (5.10 ml) was inoculated, the residual bacteria count after disinfection was 6~23 cfu/ ml, indicating that the killing rate was 99.997%~ 99.999%. In the carrier quantitative germicidal test, when the bacteria on the bacterial carrier after exposure to the disinfectant was washed down by 5.0 ml of the neutralizer and 0.5 ml of the washing fluid was inoculated with routine method, the killing rate was always 100%. When the washing fluid was wholly inoculated, the residual bacteria count after disinfection was 90~100 cfu/ carrier, indicating that the killing rate was 99.996%~99.998%. Therefore, when 100% killing rate will be reported in quantitative germicidal test, it is advisable to report the result obtained from inoculation of large inoculum volume.

关 键 词：试验方法 定量杀菌试验 杀灭率 金黄色葡萄球菌 枯草杆菌黑色变种 细菌牙胞 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]