蒋家沟泥石流表面流速公式试验研究  

EMPIRICAL RELATION OF SURFACE VELOCITY OF DEBRIS FLOW IN JIANGJIA RAVINE

作　　者：周必凡[1] 胡平华[1] 游勇[1] 程尊兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院,水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所

出　　处：《山地研究》1991年第3期171-178,共8页

基　　金：中国科学院东川泥石流观测研究站基金

摘　　要：根据蒋家沟泥石流体的物理特征,建立泥石流运动力学方程,用因次分析法导出泥石流流速公式的无因次乘积表达式。通过蒋家沟泥石流流动试验,确定其无因次乘积数,得出蒋家沟泥石流表面流速公式为Uc=Vy Hc^(1/2)g^(1/2)/2.405 Vc Ic^(1/2),Uc为泥石流表面流速,Vy为泥石流中土体的损失容重,g为重力加速度,Yc为泥石流体容重,Ic为河床纵坡。模型试验和原型观测所测得的流速与按试验公式计算的流速对比,其误差分别为1.0—4.5％和1.0—14.5％。由此表明,试验得出的表面流速公式符合实际情况,反映了蒋家沟泥石流运动规律。According to physical features of debris flow In Jiangjia Ravine the balance expression of forces of moving debris folw is wretten asFrom it characteristic parameters of moving debris flow are selected as Uc,Hc,pc,and U., U = (Hc g Ic)1/2. So movement function of debris flow is established asf(Uc, Hc,γy,pc, U)= 0. Through dimension analysis, the velocity relation of debris flow is-obtained asWhere Ucis he surface velocity,γyis the lost Specloalm gravity of soll in debris flow,Hcis the depth of debris flow, g is the acceleration of gravity,π is the dimensionlessm product of the characteri stic parameters, γcis the special gravity of debris flow, and Icis the gradient of bed. The π of debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine is determined by flow experiments in a flume. Checking up with data obtained from modelling test and field observation, the empirical relation of surface velocity of debris flow is gutie accorded wth practical cases. It seems to be reflection of movement law of debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine.

关 键 词：泥石流 表面 流速 运动力学 模型 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]