辛硫磷与灭多威混配对家兔的急性毒效应  

The toxicodynamics of phoxim plus methomyl in rabbits

作　　者：吕京[1] 崔涛[1] 谢广云[1] 贺锡雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所毒理室,北京100050

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2001年第4期278-280,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家科学技术委员会"九五"科技攻关项目 ( 96 90 6 0 4 11)

摘　　要：目的　观察有机磷农药与氨基甲酸酯混配制剂的急性毒效应 ,为其中毒的防治提供依据。方法　常用低毒有机磷类农药———辛硫磷和高毒氨基甲酸酯类农药———灭多威混配。家兔随机分为辛硫磷组、灭多威组和辛硫磷 +灭多威组 ,分别经腹腔一次注入含量为 4 0 %的辛硫磷( 5 11.0mg/kg体重 )、含量为 98%的灭多威 ( 18.5mg/kg体重 )、含量为 4 0 %的辛硫磷 ( 2 5 8.4mg/kg体重 )与含量为 98%的灭多威 ( 9.6mg/kg体重 )混剂。注射后于不同时间点记录动物血压、坐骨神经传导速度、心电图 ,测定全血胆碱酯酶 (ChE)和血浆对氧磷酶 (PON)活力。结果　 3个农药染毒组家兔坐骨神经传导速度在中毒早期无明显变化 ,而临死前显著降低 ,辛硫磷 +灭多威混配组为 ( 4 6.4± 4 .2 )mm/s,与染毒前自身 [( 5 3 .3± 4 .0 )mm/s]相比 ,差异有显著性 (P =0 .0 2 1)。心电图检查提示 ,各农药染毒组动物均有心肌毒性反应。灭多威染毒组存活的 2只动物血压无明显降低 ,而辛硫磷或辛硫磷+灭多威染毒动物的血压明显下降。灭多威染毒动物的全血ChE活力降低约 2 0 %,辛硫磷或辛硫磷+灭多威染毒动物的ChE活力显著下降 ,在中毒 12 0min时降低约 80 %。 3个农药染毒组动物血浆PON的动态变化与染毒前比较 ,差异不明显。结论　未见辛硫磷 +?Objective To observe the toxic effects of phoxim,methomyl,and phoxim plus methomyl so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of mixed pesticide poisoning. Methods T5'BZ]Adult male rabbits were divided into 3 groups:(1)511.0 mg/kg of 40% phoxim ip;(2)18.5 mg/kg of 98% methomyl ip;(3)258.4 mg/kg of 40% phoxim plus 9.6 mg/kg of 98% methomyl,ip.The blood pressure,conduction velocity of sciatic nerve,ECG,blood ChE and plasma paraxonase activities were measured continuously at different time-point following administration. Results The conduction velocity of sciatic nerve in three groups did not change obviously in early period but was decreased significantly when the animals were dyingAdult male rabbits were divided into 3 groups:(1)511.0 mg/kg of 40% phoxim ip;(2)18.5 mg/kg of 98% methomyl ip;(3)258.4 mg/kg of 40% phoxim plus 9.6 mg/kg of 98% methomyl,ip.The blood pressure,conduction velocity of sciatic nerve,ECG,blood ChE and plasma paraxonase activities were measured continuously at different time-point following administration. Results The conduction velocity of sciatic nerve in three groups did not change obviously in early period but was decreased significantly when the animals were dying[(46.4±4.2)mm/s in combined group,lower than itself before exposure(53.3±4.0)mm/s,P=0.021].ECG showed myocardial toxic effects in all three groups.The blood pressure in phoxim group and combined group fell markedly.The activity of ChE in methomyl group decreased by about 20%,while in phoxim and combined groups decreased by about 80% at 120 min.The paraxonase activities were not changed either in single or in combined pesticide group. Conclusion No synergistic or antagonistic effects of phoxim plus methomyl on rabbit acute intoxication were found in this study.

关 键 词：辛硫磷 灭多威 混配农药 毒效动力学 农药中毒 

分 类 号：R99[医药卫生—毒理学]