儿童手部清洁卫生与蛔虫感染的关系  

ON Cleanliness of Hands in Diminution of Ascaris lumbricoides Infection in Children

作　　者：许隆祺[1] 肖东华 周长海[1] 张雪强[1] 兰水根 郑秀香 张文玲 付洁平 叶波[1] 党辉[1] 诸宪祖[1] 黄时兰 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所,世界卫生组织疟疾,血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心,上海200025 [2]福建省邵武市家庭保健中心,邵武354000

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2001年第5期294-297,共4页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的　探讨儿童手部清洁卫生与蛔虫感染之间关系。　方法　基线调查中所有蛔虫感染者均予一次性驱虫治疗。实验组开展洗手活动 ,对照组不开展洗手活动。 1年中每 2个月用加藤 (Kato)厚涂片法检查受试者粪便 1次 ,比较实验组和对照组中 ,试验前蛔虫感染阴性者 ,每次复查的新感染率 (即两组新感染率比较 ) ;试验前蛔虫感染阳性治毕半月复查转阴者 ,每次复查的再感染率 (即两组再感染率比较 )。　结果　每 2个月复查 1次 ,按每次复查累计计算的新感染率与再感染率 ,实验组均非常显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1)。 1年后复查 ,蛔虫感染率实验组为 35 2 % ,比项目前的 6 8 3%下降 4 8 5 % ;对照组为 73 7% ,比项目前的 4 1 4 %上升了 78 0 %。　结论　每日用香皂洗手保持手部清洁卫生 ,可以显著降低蛔虫感染率。Objective To study the relationship between cleanliness of children′s hands and diminution of Ascaris lumbricoides infection. Methods Before the study all persons positive for ascaris eggs in the preliminary survey were treated with albendazole. Hand washing habit before meal and after defecation was kept in children of experimental group, but not in the control group. Kato thick smear stool examination was done once every two months for one year to compare the new infection rates in children without ascaris infection in the two groups, and the reinfection rates in the cured negative cases were also compared between them in half a month after chemotherapy. Results All the new infection rates as well as reinfection rates of each reexamination in the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( P <0 001). Reexamination one year later showed that the ascaris infection rate of the experimental group was 35 2%, reducing by 48 5% as compared with 68 3% before the operation of the project; while ascaris infection rate of the control group was 73 7%,increasing by 78 0% as compared with 41 4% before the operation of the project. Conclusion Washing hands with toilet soap to keep hands clean can significantly reduce ascaris infection rate.

关 键 词：蛔虫 新感染率 再感染率 洗手活动 保持手部清洁 儿童 

分 类 号：R532.11[医药卫生—内科学]