南京地区草坪夏季杂草聚类群特点及其防治  

Studies on the clusters and control of summer weed in turf in Nanjing

作　　者：朱晶晶[1] 强胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学杂草研究室,南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2001年第4期14-18,共5页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：高校博士点专项基金 (B2 0 0 0 12 ) ;江苏省科技厅产业化项目基金 (Q2 0 0 0 4 4 )

摘　　要：利用样线法对南京市区的 4 2个样点进行草坪夏季杂草分布调查 ,将所得数据进行主成分分析。结果表明 ,影响南京市草坪夏季杂草发生、分布、危害的主要因素是管理水平和土壤水分条件。依据草坪的管理水平和生长环境的不同 ,将样点划分为 4个聚类群 ,重点研究了各个聚类群的特点 ,列出了杂草优势种 ,并针对不同的聚类群提出了不同的杂草综合治理措施。 4个聚类群的划分如下 :第Ⅰ聚类群的样点均来自南京市郊区 ,管理粗放 ,以狗尾草、小飞蓬、铁苋菜、毛花雀稗为优势种 ;第Ⅱ聚类群样点来自南京市区公园、广场的休闲草坪 ,管理水平高 ,以马唐、香附子、地锦、水花生为优势种 ;第Ⅲ聚类群样点为马蹄金草坪地 ,双子叶杂草居多 ,以酢浆草、斑地锦、马唐、三叶草为优势种 ;第Ⅳ聚类群即学校运动场草坪地 ,以香附子、马唐、牛筋草。Forty two turf samples in Nanjing were surveyed with line intercept method for quantitative characters of weed species in summer.The collected data were analyzed with principal component analysis.The results showed that the most important factor affecting the occurrence and distribution of weed species was the level of turf management.The soil water contents of turf played the secondary effect on the weeds.According to these two factors,all turf samples were divided into 4 groups.The characters of each group were studied and the dominant weed species in each group were listed.At last,an integrated weed control strategy was proposed.The first group included the turf samples coming from the suburbs of Nanjing and the turf under rough management.The dominant weed species were Setaria viridis,Conyza canadensis,Paspalum dilatatum.The second group included the turf samples located in the public parks and squares under intensive management.The dominant weed species were Digitaria sanguinalis,Cyperus rotundus,Euphorbia humifusa and Alternanthera philoxeroides.The third group included some Dichondra repens samples under extensive management.The main weed species belonged to broad leave with dominant species as Oxalis corniculata,Euphorbia supina,Digitaria sanguinalis,Trifolium repens.The last group included several turf samples in the campus under rough management.The dominant weed species were Digitaria sanguinalis,Eleusine indica,Polygonum aviculare,Cyperus rotundus.

关 键 词：草坪杂草 分布 主成分分析 聚类群 综合治理 南京市 

分 类 号：S451.244[农业科学—植物保护]