孵化温度对白条草蜥孵出幼体大小、形态和运动表现的影响  

The influence of incubation temperature on size, morphology, and locomotor performance of hatchling grass lizards (Takydromus wolteri)

作　　者：潘志崇[1] 计翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范学院生命科学系

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第12期2031-2038,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金青年人才专项基金;浙江省 1 5 1人才基金;杭州市跨世纪人才基金资助项目

摘　　要：实验用白条草蜥 ( Takydromuswolteri)卵由 1 999年和 2 0 0 0年 4月捕自安徽滁州的 1 9条成年雌体产出。用 4个恒定温度 ( 2 4～ 33℃ )孵化白条草蜥卵 ,检测孵化温度对孵出幼体大小、形态和运动表现的影响。孵化卵从环境中吸水导致重量增加 ,卵重量增加与卵初始重量和孵化温度有关。 2 4、2 7、30和 33℃孵化期的平均值分别为 4 1 .9、30 .6、2 5 .8和 2 2 .6 d。温度显著影响孵化成功率及孵出幼体的湿重、躯干干重和剩余卵黄干重 ,但对孵出幼体的性别、体长、尾长和干重无显著影响。 2 4℃和 2 7℃孵出幼体湿重和躯干干重大于 33℃孵出幼体 ,剩余卵黄干重则小于 33℃孵出幼体 ;30℃和 33℃孵出幼体的湿重、躯干干重和剩余卵黄干重无显著差异。孵化温度显著影响孵出幼体一些局部形态特征 :2 4℃和 2 7℃孵出幼体头长和头宽矫正值显著大于高温 ( 33℃ )孵出幼体 ,2 4℃孵出幼体耳径矫正值一般小于较高温度孵出的幼体。疾跑速与幼体体长成正相关 ,与幼体尾长和状态无关。高温孵出幼体运动能力较差。雄性幼体腹鳞行数少于雌性幼体 ,尾长和后肢长大于雌性幼体 ,这些特征的两性差异与孵化温度无关。孵化热环境能诱导白条草蜥部分表型特征的变异 。We incubated eggs of Takydromus wolteri\% at four costant temperatures to assess influence of incubation temperature on size,morphology,and locomotor performance of hatchlings.All viable eggs incubated in mass over the course of incubation due to absorption of water from surroundings,and mass gain was dependent on initial egg mass and incubation temperature.The duration of incubation at 24,27,30,and 33 ℃ averaged 41.9,30.6,25.8,and 22.6 d,respectively.Incubation temperature significantly affected hatching success and body wet mass,carcass dry mass,and residual yolk dry mass of hatchlings,but it did not affect sex ratio,total dry mass,snout-vent length,and tail length of hatchlings.Compared to those from 33℃,hatchlings from 24℃ and 27℃ were greater in wet body mass and carcass dry mass,with a smaller quantity of yolk remaining unutilized at hatching.Incubation temperature affected some norphological traits of hatchlings,with hatchlings from 24℃ and 27℃ having larger size-free head length and width than did those from 33℃,and hatchlings from 24℃ generally had smaller size-free tympanum diameter than did those from higher temperatures.Sprint speed was positively correlated with hatchling size(SVL),but it was independent of tail length and hatchling condition.Locomotor performance of hatchlings from lower temperatures(24 and 27℃) was apparently better than that of those from higher temperatures (30 and 33℃).Between-sex differences in the row number of ventral scales,tail length,and hind-limb length were found in hatchlings,but these sexual dimorphisms were not related to incubation temperature.

关 键 词：蜥蜴科 白条草蜥 卵 孵化 孵出幼体 形态 运动表现 

分 类 号：Q958.11[生物学—动物学]