海洋纤毛虫——巨大拟阿脑虫的实验生态学研究Ⅳ.捕食竞争对种群生长的影响  

On experimental ecology of the marine ciliate Paranophrys magna Ⅳ: effects of competition on population growth

作　　者：张绍丽[1] 马洪钢[1] 许恒龙[1] 宋微波[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第12期2039-2044,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 ( No.39970 0 98);教育部骨干教师基金资助项目

摘　　要：作为系列研究的第四部分 ,就捕食竞争、食物等因素与海洋纤毛虫——巨大拟阿脑虫 (纤毛门 ,盾纤目 )种群生长的关系进行了探讨。结果显示 ,单独或混合培养的纤毛虫对细菌生长均有很强的抑制作用。在竞争者存在时 ,巨大拟阿脑虫和扇形游仆虫的种群生长均受到了不同程度的制约而维持较为稳定的共存状态。实验表明 。The scuticociliate Paranophrys magna Borror,1972 is commonly found in a variety of marine waters , especially in mariculture biotope. The effects of different initial population density, temperature, salinity and pH on the population growth have been studied using experimental methods in previous reports. As the fourth part of this series, the present paper deals with the effects of the competitor (a hypotrichous ciliate) and food on the population growth of Paranophrys magna\%. The experiment was divided into four treatments: 1) the medium without any ciliate as a control; 2) the medium inoculated with Paranophrys magna as Paranophrys-treatment; 3) with Euplotes vannus as Euplotes-treatment and 4) the medium inoculated with both Paranophrys magna and Euplotes vannus (as mixing-treatment). Each treatment was carried out as three independent replicates. All work was performed in room temperature with initial density of 30 ind./ml of ciliates. During experiments, the density of cells was recorded periodically with counting slide, while the density of bacteria was assessed with the globulimeter. According to the formula lnNt=lnN+rt, the increasing rate of populations was calculated with regression analysis based on the method of least square. In control treatment, the population growth turned into exponential growth phase in a few hours due to high temperature and concentrations of organic materials. During equilibrium phase the density of bacteria remained 1.02×10 8 ind./ml. The medium turned turbid as the density of bacteria was amplified. In Paranophrys-treatment, the natural rate of population growth of ciliates was significantly lower than that of bacteria due to shortage of food from 0 to 1 day. As the density of bacteria increased, the maximum density of ciliates reached 2.97×10\+4 ind./ml and the natural rate of population growth remained 3.22±0.046/d after one day. With the increasing of density of ciliates, the growth of bacteria was inhibited by ciliates and the density decreased to 6.42×10\+7 ind

关 键 词：巨大拟阿脑虫 种群生长 细菌 海洋纤毛虫 捕食竞争 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]