四川省水稻抗稻瘟病育种现状及发展方向  

DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS OF RICE BREEDING FOR RESISTANCE TO BLAST IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

作　　者：黄富[1] 程开禄[1] 罗庆明[1] 潘学贤[1] 刘兴义[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,泸州646100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2001年第4期371-374,共4页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：四川省育种攻关项目(96-11001-7-2);四川省青年科技基金

摘　　要：稻瘟病是四川省水稻的主要病害,实践证明,选育种植抗病品种是控制该病害的最经济有效的措施。1981年开始,植物病理工作者与遗传育种工作者经过20年的协作攻关,研究制定了一套适合四川生态特点的有关病菌生理小种、水稻品种抗瘟性鉴定的规范化技术和评价体系,探明稻瘟病菌致病性变异和水稻品种抗瘟性丧失规律,筛选出200多份稻瘟病抗源材料,育成穗颈瘟1～5级的抗病品种(组合)27个,累计推广面积达2750万hm^2,有效地控制了稻瘟病的流行。在此基础上,提出今后重点研究领域和抗病育种策略。Rice blast caused by Magnaporth grisea was one important disease of rice in Sichuan Province. Practices confirmed that breeding and cultivating the resistant rice varieties were the most economical and effective for controlling blast. Since 1981 the standard methods have been developed for the identification of physiological races of blast fungus and variety resistance test both in the blast nursery fields and in the greenhouses based on the ecological conditions of Sichuan by collaborative researches of plant pathologists and genetic breeders for 20 years. The pathogenicity variation of pathogen and breakdown of resistance of rice varieties were explored. 200 rice resistant resources were screened, 27 resistant varieties with 1-5 scales of panicle blast have been bred and the accumulative area of their cultivating totaled up to 27500000 hm , and blast epidemics and damage was effectively controlled. Based on above, the important research areas and strategies of the rice resistant breeding in the future were discussed in detail.

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病 抗病 育种 抗病品种 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]