芍药属牡丹组植物心皮的形态和解剖比较研究  

A comparative study on carpellary morphology character and ovary anatomy structure of sect. Moutan in Paeonia

作　　者：赵敏桂[1] 廉永善[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学植物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第1期64-68,共5页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

摘　　要：心皮是植物的繁殖器官 ,性状相对稳定 ,是划分类群和阐明演化关系的重要依据 .通过对牡丹组 9个分类群心皮的形态解剖比较研究 ,发现四川牡丹柱头卷曲度大 ,形呈圆环状 ,柱头脉纹较清晰 ,子房壁内维管组织外侧的机械组织明显发达 ,花盘革质 ,与革质花盘亚组的分类群相近 ;而心皮基本无被毛 ,受粉面分布广及花柱的分化不明显等又相似于肉质花盘亚组 ,其地理分布位于 2个亚组分布区的过渡地带 ,基于此 ,提出了牡丹组亚组划分的新观点 .研究结果还表明 ,把紫牡丹、黄牡丹和狭叶牡丹等 3个分类群合为一个种的观点更为合理 .进一步论证了牡丹组植物的原始性 ,并指出紫牡丹和黄牡丹是牡丹组植物中更为原始的分类群 .另外 ,讨论了有关性状的演化趋势 。Carpel is the reproductive organ of plant and its character is relatively stable,so it is an important basis of treating taxa and explaining evolutionary relationship.After researching carpellary morphology and anatomy of nine groups of sect.Moutan in Paeonia,the results show that some characters of P.decomposita Hand-Mazz including the circle-curved stigma,the clearer veinlets on the stigmatic lobe,the more developed mechanical tissus excepting vascular tissue in ovary wall are similar to the subsect.Vaginatae Stern.But other characters are similar to the subsect.Delavayanae Stern, such as a few pappus on the sutural line of carpel,the larger face of accepting pollen and the lowly different style.In addition,its geographical distribution is between the two subsections.On basis of the above,a new viewpoint on subsection treatment has been put forward.The result of study also supports a point of opinion that P.delavayi Franch includes P.lutea Delavay and P.potaninii Kom.Furthermore,not only further demonstrate the primitive of sect.Moutan,but also consider P.delavayi Franch.is a more primitive species in this section.Lastly,the evolutionary trend of some characters has been discussed,and an important factor of endangerment has been analyzed.

关 键 词：芍药属 牡丹组 心皮 形态 解剖 比较分析 繁殖器官 

分 类 号：Q949.746.5[生物学—植物学] Q944.57