低水平铅暴露对1～3岁幼儿智能发育的影响及干预指导  

Effects of low-level lead exposure on neurobehaviour developmentin 1-3 year-old children and the intervention guideline

作　　者：吕京[1] 张丽丽[1] 戴耀华[2] 刘桂兰[2] 崔涛[1] 谢广云[1] 贺锡雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所,北京100050 [2]首都儿科研究所

出　　处：《卫生研究》2002年第1期4-6,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (No.39630 1 50 )

摘　　要：为评价低水平铅暴露对 1～ 3岁幼儿智能发育的影响 ,以及对幼儿血铅水平进行监测的可行性 ,选择 85名 1～ 3岁幼儿 ,采用发育量表对儿童发育商进行评价 ,并通过多因素回归分析寻找影响幼儿血铅水平的因素。结果显示 ,85名 1～ 3岁幼儿血铅几何均值为 (5 9± 2 ) μg/L ,血铅≥ 10 0 μg L的比例为 2 2 %。血铅每升高 10 0 μg L ,幼儿发育商平均下降 3～ 4分。影响幼儿血铅水平的因素主要有 :年龄、每天路途花费时间、饭前洗手习惯及刻画墙壁、油漆家具的不良习惯。提示 1～ 3岁幼儿发育商的损失与环境低水平铅暴露有关。将幼儿血铅的个体监测 ,列为儿保检查项目具备可行性 ,对儿童保健有重要意义。In order to study the effects of low-level lead exposure on neurobehaviour development, the neurobehaviour functions in eighty-five 1-3 year-old children were assessed by Neurobehaviour Psychological Test (recommended by the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences). The results showed that the increase of blood lead (BPb) level in each 100μg/L was associated with an average loss of 3-4 points of Development Quotient (DQ) in these subjects. Age, hand-mouth habits and environmental lead pollution are the main risk factors. It is concluded that even in a low-level lead exposure, DQ in young children may be affected. Certain intervention steps based on the levels of lead exposure were recommended.

关 键 词：铅 儿童 发育商 干预 智能 幼儿 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R994.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]