K型和T型小麦雄性不育花粉粒形态与细胞化学定位  

Cytomorphology and Cytochemical Localization of K-type and T-type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Pollens in Wheat

作　　者：姚雅琴[1] 张改生[1] 刘宏伟[1] 王军卫[1] 刘红梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第2期123-126,共4页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (3 9770 3 66);杨凌农业生物技术育种中心资助项目

摘　　要：通过光镜、电镜和酶细胞化学定位技术 ,比较研究了T型和K型同核异质不育系及其保持系在小孢子发生、发育过程中的细胞学、ATP酶和细胞色素氧化酶活性反应变化。结果表明 ,T型不育系花粉粒败育主要发生在单核花粉粒后期 ,败育发生的形态学变化从液泡膜开始 ,花粉粒败育与单核花粉粒时期细胞核和核仁中ATP酶活性的缺乏有关。K型不育系花粉粒败育主要发生在二细胞后期和三细胞时期 ,败育发生的形态学变化从线粒体开始 。By using the technology of microscopy, electron microscope, and enzyme cytochemical localization, cytomorphology and ATPase, cytochrome oxidase activity in pollens from K type cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line, T type CMS line, and their maintainer line on wheat were compared during the microspore forming and pollen development. The results indicated that the pollen abortion of T type CMS was observed at mononucleate pollen later stage, cytomorphological changes of the abortion first began with vacuolar membrane, their abortion were related to lack of ATPase activity in nucleus and nucleolus during monoucleate pollen stage. Pollen abortion of K type CMS was observed during binucleate latter stage and trinucleate stage, cytomorphological changes of the abortion first began with mitochondria, their abortion were related to intine disruption.

关 键 词：小麦 花粉 细胞质雄性不育 形态学 细胞化学 杂种优势利用 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]