河北省野生大豆天然群体中胰蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白的多态性  

The Polymorphism of Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor Protein in Natural Populations of Wild Soybean in Hebei

作　　者：王克晶[1] 王英典[2] 海林[3] 戴昕 李福山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,北京100081 [2]北京师范大学生物系,北京100875 [3]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2002年第2期132-136,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：在河北省搜集了东北部山区、东北部平原、白洋淀湖泊区、西南丘陵山区等 18个天然野生大豆群体的 4 6 1份植株种子样本 ,调查其Kunitz型胰蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白 (KTI)的形态及蛋白位点在野生大豆天然个体群体及地理的频率变化。结果显示超过 5 0 %个体群体的KTI位点是多态的 ,18个天然个体群体中 12个群体形态是由Tia和Tib构成的混合群体。这次测定的河北野生大豆中没有发现Tic形态存在。在 12个混合群体中 ,4个群体发现存在Tia/Tib杂合种子 ,约占调查群体的 2 2 % ,在野生大豆总群体中至少有 1%的异交率。河北天然野生大豆Tia基因频率约占 85 % ,Tib约 15 %。地理上 ,东北部山区和平原生态区比南部的白洋淀和西南丘陵山地生态区有较高的Tib频率 ,无论在南部或北部 ,山区生态区Tib频率高于平原生态区 ,同时山区生态区内的个体群体间的基因频率差异变化程度高于平原群体间的变化 ;个体群体的基因频率没有看到与地理距离有相关性。白洋淀湖泊生态区虽然有河北最大的野生群落 ,但是KTI位点是Tia单态的 ,湖内和湖外群体KTI位点是一致的单态性 ,暗示白洋淀区域野生群体间受湖水流动的影响 ,使Tia型种子在群体传播形成一个单态优势型 ,也许这个区域的野生大豆遗传背景较其它地区群体狭窄。在这个研究中 ,我们还首?Hebei Province is one of the main areas of wild soybean distribution in China. In this study, 461 seed samples were collected from 18 natural populations dispersed in four ecotopes, northeast mountainous, northeast plain, the Baiyangdian Lake and southwest hilly land regions in the province. We detected the forms of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein (KTI) in the seed samples using electrophoresis and observed their frequencies in the individual populations and the geographical areas. Twelve populations were examined to be polymorphic at the KTI locus consisting of Tia and Tib alleles, accounting for over 50 % of the populations investigated. Four populations, 22 % of all the populations, were found to have natural cross pollination with varied heterozygote rates of 3%～5.6 % in these populations and there were a 1 % heterozygte rate in the total samples. The allelic frequencies were 85 % for Tia and 15 % for Tib in the total samples. Geographically, Tib frequency appeared with higher frequency in both the northeastern mountainous and plain ecotopes than in both the southern Baiyangdian and hilly land cotopes. The mountainous areas (or hilly land) had higher levels of Tib frequency than the plain areas wherever in either northern or southern Hebei. No relationship existed between the frequency and greographical distance. The wild soybean populations in Baiyangdian Lake ecotope was almost Tia monomorphic; this most possible cause was that the seeds with Tia allelic gene was easily rapidly spread by the way of the lake water move. This result suggested that the Baiyangdian populations could have narrower genetic base. In addition, we first found an absent mutation of KTI in wild soybean in this study.

关 键 词：胰蛋白酶抑制蛋白 野生大豆 等位酶频率 地理分布 遗传变异河北 多态性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]