勐腊林区农民参与森林管理探讨  

Forest Management of Mengla Forest Region with the Participation of Local People

作　　者：杨清[1] 陈进[1] 白智林[1] 邓晓保[1] 刘志秋[1] 陶永祥 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南勐腊666300 [2]勐腊县林业局,云南勐腊666300

出　　处：《云南林业科技》2001年第4期68-72,共5页Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：勐腊县在 1980～ 1985年实行农民参与式森林代管。代管期间 ,全县乱砍滥伐、毁林开荒面积由 1978年的2 973 3hm2 下降到 1985年的 2 71 3hm2 ;森林火灾次数和受害面积降低 ,分别是实行代管前的 11 9%和 39 4%。农民的造林积极性提高 ,造林面积年平均为 1110 7hm2 ,是代管前的 2 72倍 ,集体或农户造林面积占 96 3% ;妇女从事林业生产活动时间增加 ,由 1980年每人的 40天增加到 1985年的 10 0天。农户采集和销售的非木质林产品数量增加 ,1984年全县干竹笋采集量为 86t,分别是 1978年的 3 5 5倍和 1988年的 1 72倍 ,全县收购的紫胶、竹笋、木耳和藤篾分别是是代管前的 1 86、 2 6 7、 2 2 1和 2 85倍 ;销售森林产品和代管森林所获得的收入由1980年的 110元增加到 1985年的 32 0元 ,提高 2 91%。说明农民参与森林管理有利于森林资源的保护和农村经济的发展。以此对勐腊县森林管理实行农民代管的原因、方法及存在问题进行了总结。Forest management of Mengla county was conducted by local people from year 1980 to 1985. The results of study on relevant investigation and statistic data collected implied that local people's participation in forest management was benefit for forest protection and rural economic development. During this period when the forest resources were managed by local people, the forest area encountering logging, cutting down trees for the purpose of opening up farmland decreased from 2 973 3 hm 2 of year 1978 to 271 3 hm 2 of year 1985. The occurring times of forest fire and it's damaged area were 11 9% and 39 4% of that without the participation of local people. The mass's enthusiasm in planting trees was inspired. Annual reforestation area with the participation of local people was 1 110 7hm 2, 2 72 times of that without the participation of local people. Women engaged themselves in forestry activity 100 days in year 1985, whereas 40 days in year 1980. Besides, the amount of non forest products, e g. bamboo shoot, lac, agaric and rattan, etc. collected and sold by households increased. Income per household gained from selling non-forest products and participating in forest management increased from 110 yuan in year 1980 to 320 yuan in year 1985. The background of conducting participatory forest management in Mengla county, management ways, and existing issues were also summarized.

关 键 词：参与式森林管理 农户代管森林 勐腊林区 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]