模拟直升机飞行轻度缺氧对视形觉功能的影响  

Effect of mild hypoxia simulating helicopter flight on vision form sense

作　　者：张慧[1] 王珏[1] 潘明达[1] 包德海[1] 时粉周[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军医学研究所航空医学研究室,上海200433

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2001年第3期162-164,共3页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：海后基金资助项目 (963 3 0 6)

摘　　要：目的　实验探讨模拟直升机轻度急性缺氧暴露对飞行人员对比敏感度和对比视力的影响程度 ,为直升机飞行员供氧必要性提供依据。　方法　在分别呼吸空气和低氧混合气条件下 ,用多功能眩光检测仪在 95 cd/ m2亮度下 ,检查 30名飞行人员的对比敏感度函数 (CSF) ;用投射式双变量对比视力表在 90 L x照度下 ,检查 31名飞行人员的对比视力 (CVA) ;同步监测心率、血氧饱和度。　结果　飞行人员低氧 CSF综合 7个空间频率平均下降率为 30 .4% ,低氧低、中、高频 CSF平均下降率分别为 2 1.0 %、13.4%和 48.1% ;低氧 CVA综合前 12个对比度平均下降率为 11.8% ,低氧高、中、低对比度视力平均下降率分别为 11.8%、9.7%和 15 .4% ;对比敏感度及对比视力下降率与缺氧后心率变化率、血氧饱和度平均值显著相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。　结论　直升机飞行高度 (轻度急性缺氧 )对视觉系统功能有显著的影响 。Objective To investigate the effect of acute mild hypoxia on the function of vision system, and provide argument for the necessit y of oxygen supply in helicopter pilots. Methods In the cond ition of breathing air and after breathing low oxygen mixture (14.5%～15.2%) for 40 min, the contrast sensitivity function(CSF) at 7 frequencies were measured i n 30 pilots by the multivision glare tester. The luminance of the multivision gl are tester was 95 cd/m 2. Using the contrast vision chart, the contrast visual ac uity (CVA) at 12 contrast levels were measured in 31 pilots with normal visual a cuity. The illuminance of the contrast vision chart was 90 Lx. At the same time heart rate and blood, oxygen saturation were examined. Results The average CSF after breathing low oxygen mixture was 69.6% of the average C SF during breathing air; CSF at low, middle and high frequency decreased by 21.0 %, 13.4% and 48.1% respectively. The average CVA after breathing low oxygen mixt ure was 88.2% of the average CVA during breathing air; CVA at low, middle and hi gh contrast decreased by 11.8%, 9.7% and 15.4% respectively. The decrease of CSF ,CVA after breathing low oxygen mixture was significantly correlated with the ch anges of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation(P<0.05). Conclus ion The effect of acute hypoxia on the function of vision system is not able. Oxygen supply for helicopter pilots should be considered.

关 键 词：低氧 对比视力 对比敏感度函数 模拟直升机 

分 类 号：R852.11[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]