含沙水域水轮机过流部件的材料应用及进展  

Advances in Study of Materials for Overflowing Parts of Hydraulic Turbines Used in Sediment Laden Waters

作　　者：鲍崇高[1] 高义民[1] 邢建东[1] 张国赏[1] 朱金华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2001年第6期14-16,共3页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 5 98310 30 ) ;国家重点基础研究专项经费资助项目 (G19990 6 5 0 )

摘　　要：介绍含沙水域过流部件的失效形式、使用材料及性能研究、应用状况等 ,展望未来在选材、性能研究等方面的主要发展方向 .层错能低、弹性好、强度高、组织致密、晶粒细微、耐蚀性好、具有足够韧性的亚稳态奥氏体材料是理想的水轮机过流部件使用材料 ;用清水试验测定空蚀分量等 ,是研究磨损与腐蚀间的相互促进效应 ,腐蚀、磨损及空蚀三者之间相互促进作用的基础试验 ,也是研究力学与化学间相互促进规律的重要试验 .The properties and application of the materials for the overflowing parts of hydraulic turbines and their failure modes are introduced, and the future studies on material properties and selection are prospected. It is concluded that the austenitic material in quasi stable state with low stacking fault energy, high elasticity and strength, dense and fine grain structure, high corrosion resistance, and high ductility is an ideal material for hydraulic turbine parts. The experiment for measurement of cavitation is a basic experiment for the research of the interaction between abrasion and corrosion and the relationship between abrasion, corrosion and cavitation, and is an important experiment for interaction between mechanics and chemistry.

关 键 词：水轮机 材料选择 过流部件 冲蚀 空蚀 含沙水域 

分 类 号：TK730.5[交通运输工程—轮机工程]