水中病毒对饮水消毒剂抗性的实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Resistance of Viruses to Several Water Disinfectants

作　　者：谷康定[1] 唐非[1] 张水兵[1] 王家玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院环境医学研究所,武汉430030

出　　处：《同济医科大学学报》2001年第6期538-540,共3页Acta Universitatis Medicinae Tongji

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 (No.96 - 911- 0 7- 0 2 ) ;湖北省自然科学基金资助项目 (No.97J0 85 )

摘　　要：研究了饮水消毒剂有效氯 (Cl)、二氧化氯 (Cl O2 )、有效氯与二氧化氯联合 (Cl+Cl O2 )、臭氧水 (O3 )对模拟水样中甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) Nj- 3株、脊髓灰质炎病毒 I型 (Polio V) Sabin株及大肠杆菌 f2 噬菌体的灭活作用。结果显示 :当 O3 为 1.2 2 m g/ L 时即可使 Polio V10 5空斑形成单位 (PFU) / m l在 10 min内灭活 ,而 Cl需要 16 mg/ L 才可达到同样效果。各种消毒剂消毒效果顺序依次为 :O3 >Cl O2 >Cl+Cl O2 >Cl。病毒对消毒剂的抵抗力则依次为 :甲型肝炎病毒抗原 (HAAg) >Polio V>f2 噬菌体。由于 HAAg不能反映病毒的感染性 ,因此 Polio V是一种较好的水中病毒灭活指示病毒。结果提示 :HAV Nj- 3株由于复制时间长 ,表达水平低 ,用于消毒感染试验尚不理想。A comparative study of inactivation of hepatitis A virus (Nj 3 strain), poliovirus (Sabin strain) and f 2 coliphage in simulated water by chlorine, chlorine dioxide, the combination of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, and ozone was carried out. When initial concentration of poliovirus was about 10 5 PFU/ml, 1 22 mg/L of ozone could completely inactivate the virus within 10 min, wheras 16 mg/L of chlorine was needed to do so. The order of effect of these disinfectants was O 3 > ClO 2 > Cl+ClO 2 > Cl. The resistance of viruses to disinfectants was as follows: antigenicity of hepatitis A virus (HAAg)> poliovirus> f 2 coliphage. Since HAAg could not indicate whether the virus was intact or not, poliovirus was recommended as a good indicator in water disinfection test; Nj 3 strain was not an ideal material for water disinfection test because it multiplied slowly and had lower level of virus after harvesting.

关 键 词：消毒 病毒 饮用水 消毒剂 实验研究 

分 类 号：R979.7[医药卫生—药品] R123.6[医药卫生—药学]