RNA沉默与植物病毒  

RNA silencing and viruses in plants

作　　者：郭兴启[1] 朱常香[1] 宋云枝[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《生命科学》2002年第1期9-13,共5页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970485)

摘　　要：植物中 ＲＮＡ沉默（ＲＮＡ ｓｉｌｅｎｃｉｎｇ）亦称为转录后基因沉默（ＰＴＧＳ）或共抑制，是植物抵抗外来核酸（转座子、转基因或病毒）入侵；并保护自身基因组完整性的一种防御机制。ＲＮＡ沉默是近十年来发现的植物界中普遍存在的现象，已成为植物分子生物学领域的一个新的研究方向。对ＲＮＡ沉默特点和机制的研究表明，植物病毒与（转基因）植物内发生的 ＲＮＡ沉默有着密切的联系。作者从病毒对ＲＮＡ沉默的诱导、抑制、防御等方面，简述了 ＲＮＡ沉默与病毒的关系；并对病毒载体所诱导的 ＲＮＡ沉默在植物发育和基因组功能分析等方面的应用价值进行了讨论。RNA silencing, which is termed co-suppression or post-transcriptional gene silenc-ing(PTGS) in plants, appears to act as a mechnism to counter the proliferation of foreign se-quences, such as transposable elements, transgenes and viruses, to remain genomic stablity. It is a widespread phenomenon in plants, which was discovered in the past decade. RNA silencing is a new field of molecular biology. Studies of the characteristics and mechanism of RNA silencing indicate that plant viruses play an important role in the RNA silencing process. In this review, we describe the characteristics of RNA silencing, the inhibition of RNA silencing by virus in plants, and the defense reaction of RNA silencing against plant virus. In addition the RNA silencing can be used as a new technology in functional genomics.

关 键 词：RNA沉默 植物病毒 病毒诱导 基因沉默 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]