火赤链游蛇卵孵化的进一步研究兼评孵化水环境的影响  

FURTHER STUDIES ON EGG INCUBATION OF AN OVIPAROUS SNAKE, DINODON RUFOZONATUM(COLUBRIDAE), WITH COMMENTS ON THE INFLUENCE OF HYDRIC ENVIRONMETS

作　　者：张永普[1] 计翔[2] 

机构地区：[1]温州师范学院生物与环境科学系,浙江温州325003 [2]杭州师范学院生命科学学院,杭州310036

出　　处：《动物学报》2002年第1期35-43,共9页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金青年人才专项基金;浙江省 15 1人才基金;杭州市跨世纪人才基金资助项目~~

摘　　要：用 2× 2四种温、湿度孵化火赤链游蛇 (Dinodonrufozonatum)卵 ,重点评估湿度及其与温度的相互作用对孵化成功率、胚胎利用卵内物质和能量及孵出幼体特征的影响。卵在孵化过程中净吸水导致重量增加 ,孵化温、湿度及其相互作用显著影响孵化卵的重量变化并导致卵内水环境的相应变化。同一湿度下 ,低温孵化卵的终末重量大于高温孵化卵 ;同一温度下 ,高湿度孵化卵的终末重量大于低湿度孵化卵。温度显著影响孵化期 ,湿度及其与温度的相互作用对孵化期无显著的影响。孵化温、湿度对孵化成功率和孵出幼体性别无显著的影响。2 4℃和 30℃中均有畸形幼体孵出 ,但畸形率与孵化温、湿度无关。孵化基质湿度显著影响孵出幼体的大小(snout ventlength ,SVL)、湿重和躯干干重 ,潮湿基质中孵出幼体的SVL和体重较大且躯干发育较好。孵化温度显著影响幼体剩余卵黄的干重和灰分含量以及幼体的能量和总灰分含量 ,30℃孵出幼体的剩余卵黄较大、总灰分含量和剩余卵黄灰分含量较高 ,但能量较低。在所有被检测的幼体特征中 ,孵化温、湿度相互作用仅影响剩余卵黄干重。各条件下孵出幼体的最大持续运动距离与其SVL无显著的相关性 ,孵化温、湿度及其相互作用对孵出幼体最大持续运动距离无显著的影响。孵化水环境虽然影响部分幼体特?We incubated eggs of red-banded wolf snakes (Dinodon rufozonatum) at 24 and 30℃ on substrates with water potentials of 0 and -500 kPa using a 2×2 factorial design, paying particular attention to the influence of substrate moisture and its interaction with incubation temperature on hatching success, embryonic use of energy and material and hatchling traits. All viable eggs gained mass during incubation due to absorption of water, and both thermal and hydric environments affected water exchanges between eggs and their surroundings, thereby affecting the hydric conditions inside the egg. Eggs incubated at 24℃ gained more mass than did eggs at 30℃ but at the same substrate water potential; eggs incubated in wetter substrates (0 kPa) gained more mass than did eggs in drier substrates (-500 kPa) but at the same temperature. Incubation temperature significantly affected duration of incubation, but substrate moisture and its interaction with temperature did not. In our study, both incubation temperature and substrate moisture did not affect hatching success and sex ratio of hatchlings. Deformed hatchlings were found in each treatment, the frequency being independent of treatments. Substrate moisture significantly affected size (SVL), wet mass and carcass dry mass of hatchlings, with those incubated in wetter substrates being larger in SVL, wet body mass and carcass dry mass than those in drier substrates. Variation in hatchling wet body mass among treatments stemmed mainly from variation in water contents, because there were no significant differences in total dry mass among hatchlings from different incubation conditions designed in this study. More yolk remained unutilized at hatching when eggs were incubated at 30℃. Hatchlings incubated at 30℃ contained more ash than did those incubated at 24℃, largely because they contained more ash in the residual yolk. Hatchlings incubated at 24℃ contained more energy than did those incubated at 30℃, suggesting greater energy expenditure for embryonic development a

关 键 词：火赤链游蛇 游蛇科 蛇卵 孵化 水热环境 幼体特征 

分 类 号：Q959.6[生物学—动物学]