区域农田土壤水和氮素行为的模拟  

Simulation of regional soil water and nitrogen behaviors in agricultural field

作　　者：黄元仿[1] 李韵珠[1] 李保国[1] 陈德立[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [2]澳大利亚墨尔本大学土地与粮食学院

出　　处：《水利学报》2001年第11期87-92,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 1170 0 ) ;ACIAR项目 (LWR1 96 16 4)资助 .

摘　　要：本文以华北平原为研究区域 ,根据第二次全国土壤普查资料 ,应用地理信息系统的方法 (ARC INFO) ,研究了土壤类型的区域分布 ,并得出了以 72个典型土壤剖面为代表的华北平原土壤类型分布的概化图 .通过对作物生长发育参数、土壤和气候资料的简化处理 ,将土壤水、热、氮联合模拟模型应用于区域农田土壤水、氮素行为的模拟计算 .结果表明 ,通过模型计算与地理信息系统相结合 ,便于评价不同水氮管理、不同降雨年型条件下区域农田土壤水、氮素行为 .通过以中等水氮处理为例的计算 ,评价了不同降雨年型所得到的水分利用效率 (WUE)和氮素利用效率 (NUE) .区域内WUE明显在干旱年型下最高 ,湿润年型下最低 ,而NUE的规律相似但不太明显 .各指标在区域上分布有一定的规律 ,与气候分异和土壤类型分异密切相关 .The North China Plain was selected as the research region of this paper.Based upon the data of the Second General Soil Survey,a simplified distribution map of soil types in this region was obtained with geographic information system(GIS)method (ARC/INFO).There were 72 types of soil with representative profiles.Based on the simplified parameters of crop growth,development,regional soil and meteorology,the soil water\|nitrogen\|heat joint model was employed to simulate the regional water and nitrogen behaviors.When the simulation model combined with GIS,it was easy to evaluate regional soil nitrogen behaviors under different treatments of water and nitrogen.The simulating results indicated that water use efficiency(WUE) was obviously different between different types of hydrologic year,high in dry year,low in wet year.The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) possessed the similar characteristics but not obviously.The distributions of WUE and NUE in the North China Plain were closely dependent upon the soil and meteorological conditions.

关 键 词：区域 土壤水 氮素行为 地理信息系统 农田 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]