2000年6月4日沙尘暴过境时敦煌地面气象要素及地表能量平衡特征的变化  

Variations of Surface Atmospheric Variables and Energy Budget during a Sandstorm Passing Dunhuang on June 6 of 2000

作　　者：胡泽勇[1] 黄荣辉[2] 卫国安[1] 高洪春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《大气科学》2002年第1期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1998040906;中国科学院创新领域前沿项目210037共同资助

摘　　要：利用在敦煌进行的“我国典型干旱区陆－气相互作用试验”观测资料，分析了２０００年６月４日在我国西北所发生的沙尘暴过境时的地面气象要素的变化以及地表能量平衡变异特征。结果表明，在沙尘暴过境时地面水平风风向经历了从稳定到多次调整，再到稳定，最后崩溃的演变。风向调整时，风速减弱，而调整之后，风速加大，同时伴有很强的上升气流。沙尘暴天气来临前，地面空气呈干热状态，处于低气压控制之下；而在沙尘暴过境时和过境后，地面空气显得相对湿冷，地面气压急剧上升，并处于高压控制之下。沙尘暴过境前后，地表的能量平衡关系遭到破坏，净辐射大幅减少，地气间的感热和潜热输送变弱，土壤全天向上释放热量。An intensive observation period (IOP) of 'The Experiment of Air-Land Interaction in Typical Arid Area of China' was carried out in Dunhuang area of Northwest China from May to June of 2000. Based on the experiment dataset investigation, the characteristics of surface atmospheric varia-bles and energy budget were analyzed during a sandstorm. The results showed that the wind direction experienced difference phases during the sandstorm. The wind speed decreased at adjust phases but increased at stable phases and with strong upward airflow. The air was hot and dry with low pressure be-fore the sandstorm, but cold and wet with high pressure during the sandstorm. The surface net radiation was low due to high density of sand particles in the air, The surface sensible and latent heat flux became weak. The soil transferred heat from deep layer to the surface the whole day and night time during the sandstorm,

关 键 词：沙尘暴 气象要素 能量平衡 甘肃 2000年 陆气相互作用 风速 风向 地面气压 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]