草牧场防护林综合效益研究综述  

A Study on the Synthetic Effect of Pastureland Shelterbelt

作　　者：段文标[1] 赵雨森[1] 陈立新[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《山地学报》2002年第1期90-96,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 ( 96 0 0 70 40 3);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目 (KSCX1~ 0 8)

摘　　要：草牧场防护林是为改善草牧场小气候、提高牧草产量和质量、增加草原生态经济系统的承载能力和提高整个草原生态系统的生产力和稳定性而营造的防护林。由于其具有多种功能和效益 ,愈来愈受到人们的重视。本文根据国内外学者发表的有关草牧场防护林效益的大量文献 ,综合论述了草牧场防护林的气象效益、改良土壤效益、生物效益以及经济效益和社会效益。Pastureland shelterbelt is a special kind of protective plantation. Its establishment is for improving the microclimate, increasing the forage grass yield and the quality on the pastureland, raising its carrying capacity and its productivity as well as its stability of grassland eco-economic systems. Because of its several function and effect, it is paid to more attention. This paper synthetically summaries its meteorological effect, its soil improvement effect, its living thing effect, economical effect and social effect, puts forward development tendency of pastureland shelterbelt researches in the future on the basis of consulting a large number of Chinese and foreign references. Author thinks that the opportunity is mature for studying material circulation, energy flow and information flow of the complete grassland ecological economy system, including pasture, livestock, human beings and pastureland shelterbelts by use of the theories and methods on ecology, shelterbelt science and so on. Meanwhile, the influences of pastureland shelterbelts on herbage physiological indices and physiological processes, animal physiological activities and physiological processes,the influences of pastureland shelterbelts on microbe kinds,quantity,distribution law and activity intensity,enzyme kinds and activeness of soil,the influences of pastureland shelterbelts on the distribution,growth,biomasses and productivity of root systems will be the research tendency of pastureland shelterbelts effect in the future by way of physiological ecology,microbial science,zymology and plant physiology. From the macroscopic point and the microscopic combination point of view,the comprehensive effect evaluation for all types of pastureland shelterbelt, including ecological effect,economical effect,and social effect will also be research direction in the days to come.

关 键 词：草牧场防护林 气象效益 土壤效益 生物效益 经济效益 承载能力 

分 类 号：S727.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]