声门闭合不全的喉肌电图和声门形态变化  

Changes of Laryngeal Electromyography and Shapes of Glottis in Patients with Glottic Incompetence

作　　者：屈季宁[1] 杨强[1] 周涛[1] 张承宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,武汉430060 [2]湖北省潜江市中心医院耳鼻咽喉科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2002年第1期14-15,共2页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

摘　　要：目的 探讨声门闭合不全的原因、喉肌电图变化以及两者与声门形态变化的可能内在联系。方法对２４例声门闭合不全患者行喉镜及双侧环甲肌及环构侧肌肌电图检测。结果２４例声门闭合不全患者中，仅６例为正常喉肌电图，其中声门呈梭形裂隙４例，三角形及矩形裂隙各１例；９例环甲肌出现纤颤电位，声门形态分别为梭形裂隙４例，矩形裂隙３例，三角形及半月形裂隙各１例；９例环构侧肌出现纤颤电位，声门形态分别为梭形裂隙７例，三角形裂隙２例。结论 绝大多数声门闭合不全患者的原因不明，且存在喉上或／和喉返神经的不全麻痹。在原因不明、喉肌电图正常或环构侧肌出现失神经电位等情况下，声门呈梭形裂隙者占绝大多数，而在某些诱因作用下或环甲肌出现失神经电位情况下发生的声门闭合不全，声门裂隙可表现为多种形态。Objective To investigate the etiology and the change of laryngeal electromyogram(LEMG) in patients with glottic incompetence and the two in potential relationship with the changes of glottic shapes. Methods 24 paients with glottic incompetence were examined by laryngoscope and both cricothyroid(CT) and lateral cricoarytenoid(LCA) muscles by EMC. Results The results of EMG were normal in 6 patients in which glottic shapes in 4 patients presented spindle, one triangle and another rectangle. CI' presented fibrillation in 9 cases which the glottic shapes respectively showed spindle in four, rectangle in three, triangle in one and the shape of semi-moon in one. LCA presented fibrillation in 9 cases which the glottic shapes respectively showed spindle in seven and triangle in two. Conclusion The etiology of glottic incompetence is unclear in quite a number of the patients and there are incomplete paralysis in superior or/and recurrent laryngeal nerves. The glottic shapes showed spindle in quite a number of the patients if the etiology is unclear, EMG of larynx is normal and CA shows the potential of denervation. There are various glottic shapes in cases of some etiologies that possibly cause glottic incompetence or the potential of denervation of the CT.

关 键 词：声门闭合不全 喉肌电图 声门形态 不全麻痹 

分 类 号：R767.1[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]