籼型杂交水稻根系活力及其衰退特性的配合力及杂种优势分析  

Analysis on Heterosis and Combining Ability for Root Activity and Its Declined Properties in Indica Hybrid Rice

作　　者：曹树青[1] 邓志瑞[1] 翟虎渠[1] 唐运来[1] 韩国标[1] 张荣铣[1] 盛生兰 龚红兵 杨图南 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学水稻研究所,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省镇江市农业科学研究所,江苏句容212400

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2002年第1期19-23,共5页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：农业部跨越计划项目 ;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 ( G19980 10 0 )

摘　　要：利用籼型水稻 4个不育系和 4个恢复系配组的 4× 4不完全双列杂交 ,对其根系活力及其衰退特性进行了杂种优势和配合力分析。结果表明 ,(1)根系活力及其衰退值的广义遗传力均大于 85 %,说明两者可以作为育种指标。 (2 )两个性状的一般配合力及特殊配合力方差均极显著 ,说明基因加性效应和非加性效应均起重要作用 ,但根系活力以非加性效应为主 ,而其衰退值以加性效应为主。(3)龙特甫 A和镇恢 0 84具有较高的配合力和较大的特殊配合力方差 ,可作为优良亲本利用。 (4 )根系活力及其衰退值均表现正向优势 (衰退值负向优势为好 ) ,表明利用杂种优势改良根系生理活性这一性状比较困难 ,但通过亲本的适当选配仍能获得强优势组合。The heterosis and combining ability of root activity and its declined properties in indica hybrid rice were investigated by way of 4×4 incomplete diallel cross design with four sterile lines and four restorer lines. The results showed that h B 2 in root activity and its declined value was higher than 85 percentage, suggesting that they may be used as the indexes of selecting excellent root in rice breeding. The estimates of both combing ability (GCA and SCA) variances were highly significant for two traits, showing root activity and declined value existed for both additive and non-additive effects, but the former was affected mainly by non-additive effect, while the latter mainly by additive effect. Longtefu A and Zhenhui 048 had higher GCA and larger variance values of SCA, which implies that they can be utilized as superior parents in rice breeding. The mean heterosis of root activity and declined value were positive (it was excellent for the negative mean heterosis of the latter), showing it was difficult to improve root physiological activity trait, but the quality hybrid might be obtained because of the difference among crosses.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 根系活力 杂种优势 配合力 衰退特性 籼型水稻 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]