彩色棉雄性不育系、保持系和恢复系的选育及DNA指纹图谱的构建  

Development of cytoplasmic male-sterile, maintainer and restorer lines in colored cotton and construction of their DNA fingerprints.

作　　者：王学德[1] 李悦有[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农学系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2002年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家转基因植物研究与产业化开发专项 ( J0 0 - B- 0 0 2 - 10 ) ;国家高技术研究发展计划 ( 863计划 ;2 0 0 1AA2 12 0 81) ;国家自然科学基金 ( 3 0 170 0 5 8);国家教育部科技研究基金 (重大 0 114 )资助项目

摘　　要：用杂交育种技术 ,将棕色棉纤维性状转育到棉花细胞质雄性不育系、保持系和恢复系中 ,育成了一套棕色棉细胞质雄性不育系统的三系 :“棕 A- ZJ12”、“棕 B- ZJ0 15”和“棕 R- ZJ0 2”.在浙江大学农业试验站 ,不育系分别与保持系、恢复系按 2∶ 1的比例间隔种植 ,昆虫自然传粉 ,繁种产量和制种产量分别为 194 8.5 kg/hm2 和 12 82 .5 kg/hm2 ,杂种“棕杂 1号”的皮棉产量为 12 66.0 kg/hm2 ,表现为超亲优势 .不育系“棕 A- ZJ12”为完全雄性不育类型 ,它的花药体积、花药鲜重、柱头长度、受精前胚珠体积及鲜重均显著低于保持系和恢复系 .应用 AFLP技术 ,获得了棕色棉“三系”及杂种 F1的 DNA指纹图谱 ,在18对引物的扩增片段中存在 5 2处多态性 .表明 AFLP是一种十分有效的 DNA指纹技术 ,它具有多态性丰富、稳定性高。Gene(s) for brown fiber trait was transferred into cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS), maintainer and restorer lines of upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L) by hybridization breeding procedure, and three corresponding lines, 'Zong A ZJ12','Zong B ZJ015' and 'Zong R ZJ02' all with brown fiber trait were developed. Sterile line seeds were separately sowed in rows from maintainer or restorer seeds in the ratio 2∶1 (sterile to fertile plant row) in the seed production field in Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University. Under the condition of natural insect pollination, the seed yield for sterile line seed reproduction was 1948.5 kg/ha and that for hybrid seed production 1 282.5 kg/ha. Lint yield of a hybrid combination 'Zongza No.1' (Zong A ZJ12 × Zong R ZJ02) was 1 266.0 kg/ha and showed significant yield heterosis. 'Zong A ZJ12' was a sterile line without pollen, its flower organs, such as anther volume and fresh weight, stigma length, ovule volume and fresh weight, were all noticeably smaller than maintainer and restorer line. DNA fingerprint atlas of three lines and F 1 hybrid for this CMS system was obtained by AFLP technology, in which there are 52 polymorphism fragments using 18 pairs of AFLP primers. This result also showed that polymorphism of DNA fingerprint produced by the AFLP technique was excellent on the fingerprint stability, repetition as well as efficiency.

关 键 词：彩色棉 细胞质雄性不育系 CMS AFLP DNA指纹图谱 保持系 恢复系 选育 

分 类 号：S652.03[农业科学—果树学]