杂交稻与常规稻对涝渍环境适应能力的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Submergence Tolerance Between Hybrid Rice and Conventional Rice Varieties

作　　者：李阳生[1] 李绍清[1] 李达模[1] 李振声[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国科学院遗传研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2002年第1期45-51,共7页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家科技攻关项目 ( 95 -0 0 1-0 1-0 4) ;中国科学院重点项目 ( KN95 -0 3-0 3) ;湖北省科技攻关课题资助项目 ( 96 -2 T-0 5 -0 2 )

摘　　要：利用形态和产量性状指标 ,比较分析了杂交稻和常规稻在分蘖期和孕穗期对淹涝胁迫环境适应能力的差异性。在深水涝渍条件下 ,杂交稻生长发育普遍快于常规稻 ,单蔸苗数显著高于常规稻 ,有效穗相对受害率低于常规稻 ,因而单蔸产量显著高于常规稻。分蘖期遭受淹涝胁迫杂交稻的忍耐力优于常规稻 ,淹涝后的活苗率显著高于常规稻 ;而且 ,受淹涝后的杂交稻比常规稻能更快地恢复生长 ,成熟时主要农艺性状表现是成穗率极显著高于常规稻 ,每穗实粒数和结实率的相对受害率极显著低于常规稻 ,单蔸产量的受害程度低于常规稻。孕穗期淹涝胁迫后 ,杂交稻和常规稻之间产量及相关经济性状的差异均未达到显著水平。Based on some traits related to growth development and yield components, hybrid rice and conventional rice varieties(CRV) were investigated comparatively under complete submergence or deepwater stress at tillering and booting stages. It had been shown that the yield per plant of hybrid rice was significantly higher than that of CRV, which resulted from more rapid growth development, higher tillers no. per plant, lower relative damage percent(RDP) of effective panicles in hybrid rice under deepwater stress. Compared with CRV, hybrid rice had better tolerance ability, higher survival and more rapid recovery growth from adverse stress under complete submergence stress at tillering stage; and moreover, hybrid rice had much higher effective panicle percent, very significantly lower RDP of grains per panicle and seed setting rate, which resulted in lower yield reduction after maturation. However, the differences of all traits investigated for economic yield between hybrid rice and CRV were not significant under complete submergence at booting stage.

关 键 词：杂交稻 常规稻 淹涝胁迫 适应能力 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]