药物诱导虾夷扇贝四倍体的初步研究  

TETRAPLOID INDUCTION IN PATINOPECTEN YESSOENSIS WITH CHEMICALS

作　　者：常亚青[1] 相建海[1] 王子臣[2] 丁君[2] 杨传刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学开放研究实验室,青岛266071 [2]农业部海洋水产增养殖生态学重点开放实验室大连水产学院,大连116023

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2002年第1期105-112,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目;G1 9990 1 2 0 0 9号

摘　　要：1998— 2 0 0 0年采用细胞松弛素 B(CB)、秋水仙素、6 -二甲基氨基嘌呤 (6 - DMAP)以及咖啡因等药物抑制虾夷扇贝第一极体 (PB1)释放、PB1和第二极体 (PB2 )释放以及抑制第一次卵裂等方法 ,诱导虾夷扇贝四倍体。结果表明 ,CB、6 - DMAP和秋水仙素抑制扇贝第一次卵裂诱发四倍体的比例低于 2 5 % ;采用 CB抑制 PB1可有效地诱导产生四倍体 ,从授精后42 min提前到 1 5— 2 2 min开始处理 ,抑制 PB1的放出有助于提高四倍体的比例 ,在 1 2℃ ,处理开始和终止时间分别在授精后 2 0— 2 2 min和 6 2— 6 7min时 (即 PB2 始出现时 ) ,面盘幼虫四倍体率最高 ,为 5 6 .5 %。采用 CB和咖啡因共同抑制 PB1放出 ,未见四倍体比例有升高现象。四倍体处理组发育至面盘幼虫时间比对照组晚 48h左右 ,处理组在受精后 1 0 d时水中仍有少量浮游的、染色体数目在 2 1— 2The scallop ( Patinopecten yessoensis ) were released and cultured in north China sea transplanted from Japan since 1980 Tetraploid veliger were carried out with four chemicals on this scallop in 1998-2000 Tetraploid were induced by inhibition of the polar body and first mitosis with cytochalasin B(CB), colchicine, 6 DMAP and caffeine combined with CB, respectively. It indicated that the yield of tetraploidy not more than 25% induced by inhibiting the first mitosis with CB, colchicine and 6 DMAP, respectively, while it can be induced with higher percentage by blocking PB 1 releasing with CB. The tetraploidy percentage of groups shock began at 15-22min after fertilization are higher than that shock began at 42min, and the yield of tetraploidy also increased with the CB density and time lasting. The highest tetraploid percentage at veliger larvae stage is 56 5%, shocked wit CB after 20-22 to 62-67 minutes after fertilization at 12℃. Development speed of shocked group embryo were 48 hours later than control to veliger, there are a lot of trochophore in shocked groups after fertilization which chromosome are 21-28

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 化学药物 四倍体 面盘幼虫 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]