中国资源安全战略——以石油为例  

RESOURCES SECURITY STRATEGIES IN CHINA:THE CASE OF OIL RESOURCES

作　　者：王礼茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2002年第1期5-10,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (编号 :79970 0 6 0 );中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所领域前沿项目 (编号 :CXIOG -BOO -0 2 )共同资助的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：随着中国石油供应对外依赖程度的增大 ,石油供应的安全问题越来越突出。发达国家在经历了石油危机的打击后 ,建立了较为有效的风险防范体系 ,有效地防范了石油供应中断和价格的剧烈波动。作为世界人口最多的国家和世界主要石油消费大国之一 ,石油安全问题成为我国 2 1世纪经济社会可持续发展面临的重要问题之一。为此 ,文中提出 7个方面的战略对策 :( 1 )尽快建立国家资源储备机构 ,完善中国的资源储备体系。 ( 2 )积极开展资源外交 ,为中国利用国外资源创造良好的环境 ,为保障国家的资源安全服务。 ( 3)与周边国家建立长期稳定的资源贸易伙伴关系。 ( 4 )积极扶持中国大型资源跨国公司的发展 ,为中国的全球资源战略服务。 ( 5 )建立多渠道的资源供应体系 ,减少资源进口来源单一化带来的风险。( 6 )建立资源节约型的经济结构 ,减少对石油资源的依赖 ,同时寻找新的替代石油的能源。 ( 7)积极参与和共同组织区域性能源安全合作组织。With the increasing dependence on international oil market, oil security becomes a serious problem in China.Suffered the `oil crisis',developed countries have established effective decurity systems for reducing the risks of oil supply shortage and oil price sluctuation.Being the largest country as well as one of the major oil consumers in the world,China is on doubt confronted with the oil security problem,which is one of the critical issues for China to solve in achieving the socio-economic sustainable development in the 21 st cetury.To deal with such a situation,seven propositions for China are therefore presented.1) Establishing the national oil reserve institutions and completing the resources security system.2)Engaging in resources-oriented diplomacy and creating a favorable environment for Chinese companies to exploit overseas recources.3)Developing long-term resources partnership with neighboring countries and keeping its stability.4)Supporting the development of Chinese transnational corporations and incorporating them into China's global resources strategies.5)Reducing the risk of resources supply shortage by diversifying resources suppliers,to oil supply,for example,establishing multi-importers system,which can avoid the negative influence of monos-supplier on socioeconomic development.6)Reducing oil consumption by building resources-saving economic structure and making great efforts to develop substitute resources.7)Joining and organizing regional energy security systems.

关 键 词：资源安全 战略 中国 石油 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]