广西近海潮汐和海流的观测分析与数值研究——Ⅱ.数值研究  

Observation, Analysis and Numerical Study of the Tide and Current in the Guangxi Offshore Area——Ⅱ. Numerical Study

作　　者：孙洪亮[1] 黄卫民[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《黄渤海海洋》2001年第4期12-21,共10页Journal of Oceanography of Huanghai & Bohai Seas

基　　金：广西壮族自治区资助项目 ( 9734 )

摘　　要：基于二阶湍流闭合模型计算涡动粘性系数的 POM三维水动力模型 ,选用 0 .5′× 0 .5′细网格 ,采用动边界方法 ,把作为强迫力的潮汐和风力统一在一个模型中 ,并考虑径流作用 ,诊断计算广西近海的潮汐和海流。用 8个潮汐观测站和 2 6个锚碇浮标资料 ,对计算出的潮汐和潮流调和常数进行检验 ,证明了本研究结果的合理性。计算结果表明 :广西近海的潮汐性质基本属于正规全日潮 ;潮流性质绝大多数海区属于不正规全日潮或正规全日潮。 O1,K1和 M2 分潮最大流速均出现在钦州湾的龙门水道 ,表层分别为 5 0 ,6 0 ,40 cm/s。冬季表层存在较强的西偏南向沿岸流。铁山港外海存在一较强的逆时针环流。钦州湾龙门以北和以南分别存在半封闭逆时针环流和半封闭顺时针环流。廉州湾口存在西向风海流横向输运。冠头岭沿岸存在北偏西向补偿流。底层余流与表层的大致相同 ,但流速较小 ,沿岸流为西偏北向 ,具有补偿流性质。夏季余流与冬季相比 ,流向大致相反 。The tide and current in the Guangxi offshore area were diagnostically computed by using a 3-D hydrodynamic POM model, 0.5′×0.5′ fine grids and movable boundary method were used for the computation, the tide and wind force taken as forced forces were in corporated into one model, and the runoff effect was taken into consideration. The data collected at 8 tide stations and 26 moored buoy stations were used for verifying the computed tide and tidal current harmonic constants to prove the rationality of the study results. It is shown from the computed results that the tide in the Guangxi offshore area basically belongs to regular diurnal tide, and the tidal current in the area mostly belongs to irregular semi-diurnal tidal current or irregular diurnal tidal current. The maximum current speeds of O 1, K 1 and M 2 constituents all occur in the longmen channel of the Qinzhou Bay with the maximum surface current speeds being 50 cm/s, 60 cm/s and 40 cm/s, respectively, and there is a strong west by south surface coastal current in winter. There is a strong anticlockwise circulation in the sea area off the Tieshan harbor, and there are a semi-closed anticlockwise circulation and a semi-closed clockwise circulation in the areas north of and south of longmen of the Qinzhou Bay, respectively. There are a transverse transport of westward wind current in the Lianzhou Bay mouth area and a north by west compensation current along the Guantouling coast. The bottom residual current is similar to the surface one, but the bottom current speed is smaller, and the alongshore current direction is west by north with a compensation current character. Compared with the risidual current in winter, the residual current in summer has a roughly opposite current direction and a considerable small current speed.

关 键 词：广西近海 潮汐 海流 POM 数值研究 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]