整周龄胎儿主要肢骨的生长发育  

Growth and Development of Major Limb Bones from Completed Week Age Fetuses

作　　者：付茂[1] 吴秀芬[1] 孙昭[1] 

机构地区：[1]华西医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,成都610041

出　　处：《四川解剖学杂志》1999年第4期223-229,共7页Sichuan Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：对胎龄为 12～ 32整周的 177例胎儿标本 (男 92例 ,女 85例 )的主要肢骨进行了解剖观察和分析。结果表明 :1四肢主要长骨的长度无左、右差别 (P>0 .0 5) ,无性别差异 (P>0 .0 5) ,并与顶臀长和体重成正相关 ;2四肢主要长骨随胎龄的增加而增长 ,但各周增长速度不一致 ;3胎儿期四肢主要长骨的软骨部分随胎龄的增加而增长 ,而相对比(软骨长 /全长 )却随胎龄的增加而下降 ;4在 12周时胎儿下肢主要长骨全长均已超过上肢相对应的主要长骨全长。骨化干长在 15周时股骨超过肱骨 ,在19周时胫骨超过尺骨 ,在 14周时腓骨超过桡骨 ,其胫骨与尺骨的生长模式最为近似。The dynamics and charateristics of the fetal growth in limb long bones were studied in 177 fetuses (92 male, 85 female) with anatomic method. Fetal age ranged from 12 32 complete weeks. Comparisons were made between bones on the left and right sides of the body and between the sexes; no significant differences were noted. The results show that the crown rump length and weight are positively correlated with the length of limb long bone, and the regression equations have been obtained. The lengths of the major limb bones increase with fetal age, but the rates of growth are different during the different periods of fetal life. The lengths of cartilage in limb long bones increase with fetal age. The ratios of cartilaginous length vs maximum length decrease with the fetal age. These indicate that the higher the cartilaginous percentage is. the younger the fetal age is. At 12th week the maximum lengths of lower limbs are longer than those of upper limbs. In terms of the averages of ossification shaft lengths, the femur overtakes humerus at 15th week; the fibula overtakes radius at 14th week; and the tibia overtakes ulna at 19th week. The ulna and tibia follow similar growth patterns.

关 键 词：整周胎龄 肢骨 骨化干长 胎儿 生长发育 

分 类 号：R714.51[医药卫生—妇产科学]