垂体柄的显微解剖及其临床意义  

Microanatomy and clinical significance of pituitary stalk

作　　者：王守森[1] 张发惠[2] 章翔[3] 王如密[1] 郑和平[2] 谢汉国[2] 张锡增[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院神经外科,福州350025 [2]解放军福州医高专解剖学教研室 [3]第四军医大学西京医院神经外科

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2002年第1期61-63,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

摘　　要：目的 :探讨垂体柄的显微解剖特点及相关的临床意义。方法 :采用 1 5个成人尸颅 ,在手术显微镜下观察垂体柄的大小、形态及周围关系。结果 :垂体柄上粗下细 ,平均长度约为 1cm ,血管丰富 ,有径直、“V”形和螺旋状三种形态。其上端含有漏斗隐窝 ,隐窝下端呈圆顶状而非锥状。垂体柄常通过一些纤维小梁与周围结构相连 ,上端前面与视交叉间的连系尤为紧密。结论 :垂体柄中点均较基底动脉细 ,是影像判定垂体柄增粗的重要指标。在视交叉池内操作时 ,对纤维小梁网的处理要轻柔 ,防止垂体柄的粗暴牵拉损伤。经翼点入路手术中 。Objective:To study the micro anatomical characteristics and related clinical significance of pituitary stalk.Methods:The size,morphology and surrounding structures of pituitary stalk were observed in 15 adult cadaveric heads with an operating microscope.Results:The upper end of pituitary stalk was much thicker than the lower end.The length was about 1 cm.It was abundant in blood vessels.Its appearance was straight,spiral or'V' shaped.Its upper part contained infundibular recess,lower end of which was rather spherical than tapering.There were usually many fibrous trabeculae linking pituitary stalk with surrounding structures.The trabeculae were tigtly crowded between the anterior surface of the upper end of the stalk and optic chiasma.Conclusion:The midpoint of pituitary stalk is always thinner than basilar artery,which can be an important index for diagnosing stalk thickening by image.When operation is performed in chiasmatic cistern,the network of fibrous trabeculae should be managed softly to prevent pituitary stalk from injuring by pulling.In pterion approach,pituitary stalk can be exposed when pushing optic chiasma medially.

关 键 词：垂体 垂体柄 显微解剖 神经外科 

分 类 号：R329.4[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]