安徽省消灭脊髓灰质炎策略及效果分析  

Strategies of Poliomyelitis Eradication and Analysis on Its effects in Anhui Province

作　　者：沈永刚[1] 刘丹青[1] 赵月萍[1] 陈晓琴[1] 唐继海[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省卫生防疫站,230061

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2001年第5期321-324,共4页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：安徽省 1988年启动消灭脊髓灰质炎 (以下简称脊灰 )工作 ,在落实保证措施的基础上 ,重点实施了免疫接种和疾病监测策略。 19882 0 0 0年全省共使用了脊灰疫苗 (OPV) 1.5亿人份 ,接种儿童 140 0余万人 ,每名儿童接种 412次 ,每年各县 (市、区 )的适龄儿童OPV接种率均在 90 %以上。全省建立健全了急性弛缓性麻痹 (AFP)病例监测系统 ,各项监测指标均达到卫生部的要求 ;19912 0 0 0年全省共报告和调查了 1987例AFP病例 ,检测AFP病例及其接触者标本 3 70 1份 ,1992年以后分离出的 117株脊灰病毒送国家脊灰实验室进行型内鉴定 ,均为疫苗相关株。 1992年以来 ,全省无脊灰野病毒引起的病例 ,有效地保护了儿童身体健康。 2 0 0 0年世界卫生组织西太区宣布本区为继美洲区后第二个无脊灰地区 ,说明安徽省已成功地阻断脊灰野病毒的传播。poliomyelitis eradication was begun to conduct in Anhui province in 1988. Based on administrative measure, immunization and surveillance were carried as strategies of poliomyelitis eradication. 150 million OPV doses were used in whole province from 1998 to 2000. 14 million children were immunized. Every child was immunized between 4 and 12 doses. OPV coverage rate of target children was over 90% annually in every county. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case surveillance system has been established in whole province since 1990. Every index of the surveillance system has been reached the goals set by ministry of Public Health. 1987 AFP cases were reported and investigated in 1991-2000. 3701 fecal samples of AFP cases and their contact persons were collected and tested. 117 polioviruses were isolated. These polioviruses were identified as the Sabin OPV strains. The wild poliovirus had not been found since 1992. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific declared this regional poliomyelitis-free in October 2000. It showed that the transmission of wild poliovirus has been interdicted successfully in Anhui province.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 消灭 脊髓灰质炎疫苗 疾病监测 

分 类 号：R512.401[医药卫生—内科学]