中国蓼属叉分蓼组植物花粉形态的研究  

Pollen morphology of Polygonum section Aconogonon Meisn. in China

作　　者：周忠泽[1] 陶汉林 班勤[2] 许仁鑫[1] 李玉成[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230039 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《植物分类学报》2002年第2期110-124,共15页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金 ( 990 4 2 4 1 1 );安徽大学青年骨干教师基金;国家攀登项目特别支持费 [国科基字( 1 999) 0 4 5 ]

摘　　要：采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对中国蓼属叉分蓼组 2 0种 3变种的花粉形态进行了观察和研究结果表明其花粉形态大多数为近球形至近长球形 ,少数为扁球形或长球形 ;花粉大小为 2 0 .4～ 44.0 μm× 1 7.0～ 3 4 .0 μm ;从萌发孔看 ,有 3沟、3孔沟、多沟、散沟 ;外壁纹饰为微刺 穴状、刺状、粗网状、皱块状。据此 ,该组花粉可划分为 5种类型 ,即叉分蓼型 (Aconogonon_type)、钟花蓼型 (Campanulatum_type)、大连线冰岛蓼型 (Forrestii_type)、西伯利亚蓼 (Sibiricum_type)及多穗蓼型 (Polystachyum_type) ,编制了这些花粉类型检索表。叉分蓼型花粉的主要特征是具 3沟 ,外壁纹饰为微刺 穴状 ,此种类型的植物有 1 4种 2变种。钟花蓼型花粉的主要特征是具 6散沟 ,外壁纹饰为微刺 穴状 ,此种类型的植物有钟花蓼和绒毛钟花蓼。西伯利亚蓼型花粉的主要特征是具 3孔沟 ,外壁纹饰为皱块状 ,此种类型的植物有西伯利亚蓼。多穗蓼型花粉的主要特征是具 6 (～ 8)多沟 ,外壁纹饰为粗网状 ,此种类型的植物有松林蓼及多穗蓼。大连线冰岛蓼型花粉的主要特征是具散沟 ,外壁纹饰为显著的长刺状 ,此种类型的植物有大铜钱叶蓼及铜钱叶蓼。结果表明叉分蓼组的花粉形态具有重要的分类学意义 ,研究结果支持将叉分蓼组上升为属的等?Pollen morphology of 20 species and three varieties in Polygonum sect. Aconogonon Meisn.(Polygonaceae) in China was examined under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen grains are 3-colpate, 3-colporate, polyplicate, or pantocolpate in shape,20.4～44.0 μm×17.0～34.0 μm, mostly spheroidal to subprolate, rarely oblate-spheroidal or prolate (P/E =1.06～1.40). The ornamentation of exine is microspinulose-foveolate, prominently spinulose, coarsely reticulate, or rugulate under SEM. Based on their features of the apertures and the exine sculpturing, the pollen grains can be divided into 5 types, i.e. Aconogonon-type, Campanulatum-type, Sibiricum-type, Polystachyum-type and Forrestii-type. A key to the pollen types was provided. The Aconogonon-type is characterized by being 3-zonocolpate and having an imperforate tectum with the microspinulose-foveolate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in 14 species and two varieties, i.e. P. ajanense, P. alpinum, P. angustifolium, P. cathayanum, P. coriarium, P. divaricatum, P. hookeri, P. lichiangense, P. limosum, P. molle, P. molle var. frondosum, P. molle var. rude, P. ocreatum, P. songaricum, P. tibeticum, P. tortuosum. The Campanulatum-type is characterized by being 6-pantocolpate and having an imperforate tectum with the microspinulose-foveolate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two taxa, P. campanulatum and P. campanulatum var. fulvidum. The Sibiricum-type is characterized by being 3-zonocolporate and having a rugulate ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in one species, P. sibiricum. The Polystachyum-type is characterized by being 6(～8)-zonocolpate and having a coarsely reticulate exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two species, P. pinetorum and P. polystachyum. The Forrestii-type is characterized by being 12-pantocolpate and having a prominently spinulose exine ornamentation. Pollen grains of this type occur in two species, P. forrestii Diels and P. nummularifolium. Th

关 键 词：蓼属 叉分蓼组 蓼科植物 花粉形态 中国 

分 类 号：Q949.7[生物学—植物学]