微囊藻毒素LR对胎鼠的致畸和损伤作用  

Teratosis and damage of viscera induced by microcystin in SD rat fetuses

作　　者：张占英[1] 连民[1] 刘颖[1] 卫国荣[1] 俞顺章[1] 张幼辰[1] 陈传炜[1] 康苏亚 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院预防医学研究所,上海200032 [2]苏州大学附属第一人民医院病理科

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2002年第5期345-347,共3页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目( 39730 380 )

摘　　要：目的　研究和探讨微囊藻毒素LR(MCLR)对SD孕鼠及胎鼠的致畸和损伤作用。方法　 64只雌性SD大鼠分为 3个实验组和 1个对照组 ,每组 1 6只大鼠 ,实验组分别腹腔注射MCLR 4、1 6、62 μg/kg ,对照组注射等量生理盐水 ,共 1 0d。 2 0d后处死孕鼠 ,观察脏器的畸形及组织学变化。结果　不同剂量的MCLR均可通过胎盘屏障进入胎鼠体内 ,影响胚胎的形成和发育 ,导致胎鼠发育畸形或脏器发育不良及损伤。当给孕鼠剂量为 62 μg/kg的MCLR时 ,畸胎率为 1 1 .70‰ (2 / 1 72 ) ;同时胎鼠肝脏呈点状出血及重度水样变性 ;肾脏皮质和髓质发育不良 ,肾小球未发育 ,呈肾芽胚状结构。当MCLR剂量为 1 6μg/kg时 ,仍可出现胚胎外形畸形 ,畸胎率为 6 .76‰ (1 / 1 55) ;肝脏呈重度水样变性 ,且肾小球发育欠佳。结论　MCLR可透过胎盘屏障造成肝、肾等脏器损伤 ,可能在胚胎期就已形成肝癌高发基础。Objective To study the teratogenicity and traumatic effect of microcystin LR (MCLR) on pregnant SD rats and their fetuses. Methods Sixty pregnant SD rats were divided into four groups, 16 in each group: three experimental groups in which MCLR was injected into the abdominal cavity at the doses of 4 μg/kg, 16 μg/kg, and 62 μg/kg respectively for 10 days, and control group injected with normal saline. Twenty days after, the pregnant rats were killed. The development, teratosis, and histology of viscera of the fetuses were examined. Results Deformities were found in the fetuses of the 62 μg/kg group and 16 μg/kg group with the teratogenic rate of 11.70‰ (2/172) and 6.76‰ (1/155). Petechial hemorrhage and severe hydropic degeneration in liver and maldevelopment of glomeruli and renal medulla were found in 62 μg/kg group. Mild granular degeneration was found in the liver of fetuses in 4 μg/kg group. Conclusion MCLR passes through the placental barrier and causes damage in kidney and liver, which may be the basis of high incidence of liver caner in the fetus phase.

关 键 词：毒素类 水污染 畸胎 损伤 大鼠 微囊藻毒素 

分 类 号：R99[医药卫生—毒理学]