华山松球蚜生物学特性的研究  

A STUDY ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE PINEUS ARMANDICOLA (HOMOPTERA:ADELGIDAE)

作　　者：李永和[1] 谢开立[1] 曹葵光[1] 罗长维[2] 甘云浩 

机构地区：[1]西南林学院,昆明650224 [2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明650216 [3]昆明市东川区林业局,昆明654100

出　　处：《林业科学》2002年第1期82-87,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：云南省重点基金项目C95 0 0 4Z资助完成

摘　　要：华山松球蚜 (PineusarmandicolaZhang)是华山松 (PinusarmandiFranch)的重要食叶性害虫。本文以云南省昆明市东川区 2 2 2林场为研究试验点 ,对华山松球蚜的生物学特性进行了系统观察研究 ,首次发现了华山松球蚜的第一寄主丽江云杉 (Picealikiangensis (Franch .)E .Pritz .)和其有性世代。华山松球蚜有完整的生活周期即有有性世代 (以前研究者所观察到的华山松球蚜仅有无性世代 ) ,它在两种寄主华山松和丽江云杉上完成一个完整的生活周期。在有丽江云杉的情况下 ,华山松球蚜以伪干母产的一部份卵孵化的具翅性母飞到丽江云杉上 ,产生有性蚜。有性蚜两性生殖产卵孵化为干母 ,以 2～ 3龄若虫在丽江云杉叶鞘中越冬。干母产卵孵化的若虫在丽江云杉上取食形成虫瘿 ,并产生瘿蚜。虫瘿破裂后具翅瘿蚜又飞到华山松上产卵 ,产生伪干母 ,伪干母 2龄若虫在华山松叶鞘和树皮缝中越冬 ,完成完整的生活周期 ;在没有丽江云杉的情况下 ,华山松球蚜以伪干母产的另一部份卵孵化为留守型侨蚜在华山松上以孤雌生殖方式不断循环完成部分生活史 ,每年最多发生 6代 。Pineus armandicola Zhang is an important defoliator of armand pine( Pinus armandi ). The study of the biology of the pest was carried out systematically in the No.222 Forest Farm, Dongchuan District of Kunming, Yunnan Province. The alternate host —likiang spruce and the sexual generation of the pest were found for the first time. That shows Pineus armandicola has a complete life cycle. It lives and attacks on both armand pine and likiang spruce, and its sexual generation takes place on the first host. The morphs on likiang spruce are sexules, fundatrices(overwintering by second or third instar nymphs in the leaf sheaths of likiang spruce) and gallicolae in proper order. Finally the alate gallicolae fly to armand pine and produces sistens, and overwinter by nymphs in the leaf sheaths and bark crevices of armand pine. Independently, the pest can also finish its incomplete life history on armand pine as alienicola, which can at most have six generations per year through female parthenogensis in Dongchuan district. The phenomenon of generation overlapping is common.

关 键 词：华山松球蚜 生物学特性 转主寄主 华山松害虫 

分 类 号：S763.712.4[农业科学—森林保护学] S763.35[农业科学—林学]