上海地区肠道线虫病防治工作回顾与建议  

Prevention and Control of Intestinal Nematode Infection in Shanghai

作　　者：蔡黎[1] 黄德生[1] 马杏宝[1] 张宝秀[1] 傅英华[1] 葛宏妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2002年第1期18-20,共3页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的　分析上海地区人群肠道线虫感染状况 ,对今后的防治工作提出建议。　方法　回顾建国以来采取各项防治措施后人群肠道线虫感染率的变化 ,分析上海地区防治肠道线虫病面临的新情况及挑战。　结果　随着药物驱虫、健康教育和健康促进及粪水管理等多项防制措施的实施、以及社会经济发展和生产方式的改变 ,人群肠道线虫感染率由 195 5年的 6 2 .6 %降至 2 0 0 0年的 8.2 % ,下降了 88.5 %。其中 ,蛔虫感染率由 5 2 .1%降至 6 .3% ,下降了89.0 % ;钩虫由 12 .9%降至 0 .1% ,下降了 99.0 %。 6年监测结果表明 ,人群肠道线虫感染率每 3年自然下降幅度约为 5 0 %。蛲虫感染率仍较高 ,1999年为 18.9%。　结论　上海地区肠道线虫感染率已大幅度下降 ,防治工作取得了显著成绩。但与上海社会经济发展相比较 ,防治工作面临新的挑战 ,如 :防治人群构成的改变、感染率高峰向老年组转移、外来输入性感染者对本地人群的影响、特殊人群的高感染率以及幼托儿童蛲虫感染等。应进一步加强饮用水及粪水管理、健康教育和健康促进 ,以及加强肠道线虫感染状况的监测 ,以便更快速、有效地降低人群肠道线虫感染率。Objective To evaluate the current status of intestinal nematode infection in Shanghai and make recommendations for further control activities Methods Retrospective review of the control program was made based on the change of nematode prevalence in Shanghai area since the 1950s, and challenges under the current situation were analysed. Results The intervention measures included chemotherapy, health education, sanitary disposal of human excreta and safe water supply. With the control strategy, socio\|economical development and the change of farming patterns, the prevalence of intestinal nematode infection in population was reduced by 88\^5%, from 62\^6% in 1955 to 8\^2% in 2000. Among them, ascaris infection decreased by 89\^0%, from 52\^1% to 6\^3%, hookworm infection decreased by 99\^0%, from 12\^9% to 0\^1%, but pinworm infection was still as high as 18\^9% in 1999. Conclusion Prevalence of nematode infection in Shanghai was considerably reduced. To match it with the current socio\|economical development in the Municipality, however, more needs to be done. Sustainable control activities and surveillance are recommended.

关 键 词：肠道线虫病 防治 上海 流行状况 感染率 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]