椎枕肌劳损的应用解剖及针刀治疗的商榷  

Applied anatomic study on the vertebro-occipital muscles straining?discussing and considering acupotomologic therapy

作　　者：尹保国[1] 沈宏友[1] 郭家松[1] 钟渭 欧洋 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学分校解剖学教研室,广州510315

出　　处：《颈腰痛杂志》2002年第1期12-14,共3页The Journal of Cervicodynia and Lumbodynia

摘　　要：目的　为针刀治疗椎枕肌劳损提供形态学资料。方法　在 10具成人尸体头颈部材料上 ,对椎枕肌、椎动脉、第 1、2颈神经后支和寰枕筋膜等进行了解剖和观测。结果　 1椎枕肌包括 4对小肌 ,肌块虽小 ,发育良好 ,起止于枕骨下项线、寰椎后弓、寰椎横突和枢椎棘突。 2枕动脉全程可分 4段 ,其中第 2、3段紧邻椎骨 ,骨质增生可影响椎动脉血流。 34对椎枕肌均由枕下神经的分支支配。 4寰枕筋膜可分寰枕前、后膜 ,其上下高度均约 1.0 cm。结论　长期低头作业和伏案工作 ,可导致中老年人椎枕肌劳损 ,针刀治疗应在枕骨下项线、寰椎横突和枢椎棘突等处进行。Objective To provide morphologic data for acupotomologic therapy of the vertebro occipital muscles straining.Methods The vertebro occipital muscles,vertebral artery,posterior branches of the first and second cervical nerves and atlantooccipital fascia had been dissected,observed and measured on the heads and necks of 10 adult cadavers.Results The vertebro occipital muscles involve 4 pairs of muscles,which are small in shape,but have developed well,arise from and inserted into inferior nuchal line of occipital,posterior arch of atlas,transverse process of atlas and spinous process of vertebra dentata.Vertebral artery can be divide into 4 segments,the 2nd and 3nd segment of which close neighbor on vertebra,hyperplasia of bone matrix could affect blood stream of vertebral artery.All of 4 paired vertebro occipital muscles are governed by the branch of suboccipital nerve.Atlantooccipital fascia can be separated into anterior and posterior fascia.The depth of it is 1.0cm or so.Conclusion Long term working bowing their head and bending over desk,could result in the vertebro occipital muscles straining in middle aged and old people,acupotomologic therapy of which should be performed at inferior nuchal line of occipital,transverse process of atlas,spinous process of vertebra dentata,et al.

关 键 词：针刀医学 椎枕肌劳损 应用解剖 治疗 

分 类 号：R685.05[医药卫生—骨科学] R322.74[医药卫生—外科学]