天目溪中华秋沙鸭生态习性研究  

Study on Ecological Habits of Mergus squamatus in Tianmu River

作　　者：梅爱君 刘佳 鲁庆斌 高欣 徐卫南 MEI Aijun;LIU Jia;LU Qingbin;GAO Xin;XU Weinan(School of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Agroforestry, Hangzhou 311300 , China;Forestry Bureau of Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学动物科技学院,杭州311300 [2]杭州市临安区林业局,杭州311300

出　　处：《四川动物》2018年第6期678-682,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：浙江省临安区政府支持项目(L20170203);浙江省林业科学研究院项目(H20160007)

摘　　要：中华秋沙鸭Mergus squamatus是全球濒危物种。2015—2018年在浙江省杭州市临安区天目溪开展了该物种越冬种群的监测研究。调查累计发现25群中华秋沙鸭,计106只次,平均每群4. 24只±0. 98只,性比为1∶3. 82,主要集成3～6只/群,分为3个类群,即孤雌群、雌性群和混和群。中华秋沙鸭主要栖息于开阔的河道,河宽30～60 m,附近有沙洲;水体较浅,水深40～60 cm;水流平缓,水流速度为0. 3～0. 5 m·s^(-1)。中华秋沙鸭对人为活动十分敏感,其栖息地远离居民点,距公路的距离可至30 m以内,但这种生境需要茂密的乔灌木或竹林隔离。Chinese merganser (Mergus squamatus) is a globally endangered species. Population monitoring of this spe- cies was carried out in Tianmu River during the period of 2015 - 2018. A total of 106 individuals belonging to 25 groups were repeatedly observed. The average number of each group was 4.24±0. 98, and the sex ratio was 1: 3.82. These mer- gansers mainly integrated 3 - 6 individuals per group and were divided into 3 groups, namely the parthenogenetic group, female group and mixed group. Mergansers mainly inhabited open river with river width of 30 - 60 m and a sandbar near. The depth of the shallow water is normally 40 - 60 cm with the flow rate of 0.3 - 0. 5 m.s- 1. Mergansers were sensitive to human activities, because their habitats were far away from the human residential areas (within 30 m from the highway) and isolated by dense tree, shrubs or bamboo forest.

关 键 词：中华秋沙鸭 天目溪 集群特征 栖息地 性比 

分 类 号：Q959.7[生物学—动物学] Q958