河鲈细菌性肠炎致病菌的分离、鉴定及药敏实验  

Isolation, Identification,and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Bacillary Enteritis in Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus

作　　者：杨昆明[1] 郭爱民[1] 马江霞 段成任 谢志胜 岳城[1] YANG Kunming;GUO Aimin;MA Jiangxia;DUAN Chengren;XIE Zhisheng;YUE Cheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2018年第6期42-51,共10页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360644);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B10-03);新疆维吾尔自治区推广项目(2016C03013);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2016006)共同资助~~

摘　　要：河鲈(Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus)是新疆额尔齐斯河特有的土著鱼类,已开展人工养殖,但其病害相关研究较少。2016年,五家渠某水产推广站河鲈突然大批死亡,作者从发病的河鲈肝脏和肠道分离病原菌,对分离菌进行了传代纯化培养。结果显示,在20℃培养24h后,ZL1能形成边缘整齐、中间微隆起、表面光滑、浅黄色、有特殊芳香气味、大小为1.5～2 mm的菌落,在血琼脂平板上能形成明显的β-溶血圈;ZL3和ZL5可形成圆形、微隆起、表面湿润光滑、灰白色、半透明、菌落大小为0.5～1 mm的菌落,但在血琼脂平板上不能形成溶血圈。经革兰氏染色、生理生化、16SrRNA序列比对和基因序列进化树分析,鉴定ZL1株为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonassobria),ZL3和ZL5株为迟缓爱德华菌(Edwardisella tarda)。药敏实验结果显示,ZL1株对庆大霉素、米诺环素、头孢他啶等药物高度敏感,对链霉素、青霉素、克拉霉素等耐药;ZL3和ZL5株对左氧氟沙星、链霉素和恩诺沙星敏感,对庆大霉素、氨苄西林、青霉素、复方新诺明等药物耐药。人工感染结果显示,分离菌均具有明显致病性。The current development of Xinjiang indigenous fish via large-scale farming has been listed for the positioning and development of aquaculture in Xinjiang. Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus is an indigenous fish and peculiar to the Ergis River in Xinjiang. P. fluviatilis is a cold-water fish, but very few studies have investigated cold-water fish diseases, including bacterial disease. Presently, artificial breeding of perch is being initiated. However, there have been few analyses of disease in perch. In 2016, a large number of perch in the Wujiaqu Fisheries Extension Station died suddenly. Diseased fish exhibited anal swelling, abdominal swelling, surface scale cast-off, rotten tail, and rotten gill symptoms. The dominant bacterial strain was isolated from the fish liver and intestines. After culturing for 24 h at 20℃, ZL1 formed neat edges with a slight uplift in the middle, a smooth surface, a light-yellow color, a special aromatic odor, and bacterial colonies 1.5～2 mm in size. It formed a clear β-hemolysis circle on blood agar. ZL3 and ZL5 formed a round, slightly uplifted, smooth, moist, off-white, translucent, colony of 0.5～1 mm in size, but did not form a hemolysis circle on blood agar. The isolated bacteria were cultured, the bacterial species were identified, and drug susceptibility and pathogenicity tests were performed. Pathogenicity tests and morphological observation showed that the isolates had obvious pathogenicity. Gram staining, physiological and biochemical characteristics, analysis of 16 S rRNA gene sequences, and phylogenetic tree development identified ZL1 as Aeromomas sobria, and ZL3 and ZL5 as Edwardisella tarda. Drug sensitivity test showed that ZL1 was highly sensitive to gentamycin, minocycline, and ceftazidime, and resistant to streptomycin, penicillin, and clarithromycin. ZL3 and ZL5 were highly sensitive to levofloxacin, streptomycin, and enrofloxacin, and resistant to gentamicin, ampicillin, penicillin, and sulfamethoxazole.

关 键 词：河鲈 温和气单胞菌 迟缓爱德华菌 鉴定 药敏实验 

分 类 号：S941.42[农业科学—水产养殖]