残疾与贫困:基于等价尺度的再分析  

Disability and Poverty in China:An Analysis Based on Equivalence Scales

作　　者：黄金玲 廖娟[2] HUANG Jin-ling;LIAO Juan(School of Economics and Business Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Management,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875 [2]首都师范大学管理学院,北京100048

出　　处：《人口与发展》2018年第6期95-108,共14页Population and Development

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“农村残疾人贫困测量、精准脱贫和反贫困策略研究”(17YJAZH051);北京市教委社科计划重点项目“北京市残疾人精准脱贫的路径与政策研究”(SZ20161002813).

摘　　要：研究残疾人贫困问题时需考虑残疾这一因素对家庭贫困的影响。运用2013年中国家庭收入调查数据(CHIP)并采用等价尺度的方法对家庭中的残疾成员赋予合理权重,同时利用OECD等值规模调整的方法将残疾人家庭收入转换为与非残疾人可比的家庭收入。在此基础上,选取世界银行2015年的贫困线、我国2011年农村扶贫标准和收入中位数的50%作为贫困线标准,对残疾人贫困状况进行测量:不论是在哪种贫困线标准下,残疾人家庭的贫困率较未调整前至少提高了20%,并将整体的贫困率提高了17%-20%。可见,在测量贫困时按照残疾状态、家庭规模和人员构成进行等价尺度转换和等值模型调整是非常必要的。目前,未考虑上述因素的研究所测量出的贫困率严重低估了我国残疾人家庭的贫困状况。鉴于此,建议国家的贫困瞄准机制关注残疾人家庭的规模和结构,以实现对残疾人家庭的精准扶贫。The factor of disability should be taken into account when studying poverty for people with disabilities.Using the data from Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP)survey in 2013,we assigned reasonable weight to disabled members of a family based on equal -scale method.Then,the income of households with disability can be compared equally with that of the non -disabled families after we made an OECD equivalence scale adjustment.Finally,we selected the World Bank's poverty line in 2015,China's rural poverty alleviation standards in 2011 and 50% of the median incomeas poverty line standards to measure the poverty status of house-holds with disabilities.It was found that the poverty rate of households with disability increased by 20% at least in contrast to without any equal-scale adjustment,and the poverty rate of over- all households increased by 17%-20%whatever poverty line standards we used.As a result,it is necessary to carry out equivalent scale conversion according to disability status,household size and composition when measuring poverty in China.At present,previous research have significantly underestimated the poverty extent of households with disability in China because of ignoting the household size and composition.We suggest that policy makers should pay attention to the size and compositionof households with disabilitiesin the national poverty targeting mechanism so as to take targeted measures to help people with disabilities lift themselves out of poverty.

关 键 词：残疾人家庭 贫困 等价尺度 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]