古尔班通古特沙漠南缘丘间地梭梭群落蒸散特征  

Evapotranspiration characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron community in interdune lowland at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert

作　　者：王泽锋 胡顺军[1] 李浩[1,2] WANG Ze-feng;HU Shun-jun;LI Hao(State Key Laboratory of Desert and-Oasis ,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academic of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;University of Chinese Academic of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2018年第6期1303-1309,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41671032);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB429902)

摘　　要：根据2016年古尔班通古特沙漠南缘丘间地梭梭生育期定点观测的土壤水分、气象要素等资料,基于水量平衡原理估算了梭梭生育期蒸散量,分析了蒸散变化规律。结果表明:(1)在梭梭生长季,降雨量为206. 7 mm,降雨分布不均,梭梭萌发期,降雨量最多;梭梭生长旺盛期,月降雨量逐月减少;梭梭枯落期,降雨量最少。(2)在梭梭生长季,梭梭群落0～400 cm土壤贮水量变化整体呈下降趋势,梭梭萌发期是土壤贮水量盈余期,生长旺盛期和枯落期为土壤贮水量亏损期;梭梭群落发挥土壤水库效应,依靠生长季前土壤蓄水来弥补梭梭群落生长季需水缺额。(3)在梭梭生长季,蒸散量变化特征为多峰曲线,峰值主要出现在降雨集中期,最低值出现在土壤贮水量亏损期。(4)在梭梭生长季,梭梭群落累积蒸散量增幅始终高于累积降雨量增幅,累积蒸散量大于累积降雨量。According to the observed data about soil moisture and meteorological elements at the fixed observation points for Haloxylon ammodendron in the interdune lowland at the Southern Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert,Xinjiang,China,during the growing season (from April 1 to October 31)in 2016,their evapotranspiration was estimated based on the principle of water balance and the evapotranspiration change law was analyzed.The results showed as follows :(1)During their growing season of Haloxylon ammodendron,the precipitation was 206.7 mm. The distribution of precipitation in the experimental area was uneven,and it had the maximum precipitation during the Haloxylon ammodendron germination period.The precipitation was decreased month by month during the strong growth period of Haloxylon ammodendron,and the precipitation was the least when the Haloxylon ammodendron starts to wither and fall.(2)During the growing season of Haloxylon ammodendron,the water storage from the 0- 400cm soil layer of Haloxylon ammodendron community showed a decreasing trend.Meanwhile,the soil moisture was quickly replenished during the Haloxylon germination period and it is reduced at other stages.The ammodendron community relied on soil water storage accumulated before the growth Haloxylon season to compensate for the water shortage in the growth season of Haloxylon ammodendron community.(3)The evapotranspiration of the growth season of Haloxylon ammodendron community showed an obvious multi-peak curve,and the peak occurred mainly in the concentrating period of rainfall,the lowest value of evapotranspiration appears in the soil water storage loss period.(4)During the growing season,the rate of increase of the cumulative evapotranspiration was always higher than that of the accumulated precipitation,and the cumulative evapotranspiration was bigger than the cumulative precipitation.

关 键 词：古尔班通古特沙漠 梭梭群落 水量平衡 蒸散 降雨 土壤贮水量 

分 类 号：P426.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]