砂粒对多相流弯管冲蚀的影响因素分析  

Influence factor analysis of sand particles on erosion of multiphase flow bends

作　　者：白莉[1] 赵婷婷[1] 宋存德 吴德君[1] 梅豆 刘纷 王通[1] BAI Li;ZHAO Ting-ting;SONG Cun-de;WU De-jun;MEI Dou;LIU Fen;WANG Tong(China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)

出　　处：《实验力学》2018年第6期862-868,共7页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：973项目“海洋深水油气安全高效钻完井基础研究”课题六“深水钻完井工程设计理论与风险管控”(编号:2015CB251206)

摘　　要：冲蚀是一个管壁材料受固相颗粒重复撞击而剥落,又伴随着腐蚀的复杂力学过程。冲蚀严重时可能引起管道失效或泄漏,从而产生经济损失和环境污染。为了研究多相流弯管冲蚀的基本规律和主要影响因素,本文基于自行设计的循环管路进行了水-砂两相流对弯管段碳钢贴片的冲蚀试验。基于弯道流动特征分析、扫描电镜观察和贴片的冲蚀速率估计,得到了弯管段壁面的主要损伤特征。弯管段壁面可分为四个区:外拱璧、内拱璧和左右两颊壁面。外拱璧处试验贴片的主要损伤特征为大量压痕、划痕和近圆形的蚀坑分布,其壁面减薄的主要机制为弯道流动中砂粒的多次高速冲击和切削作用;而内拱璧处的损伤特征主要是蚀坑周围包围着腐蚀产物,流动中的砂粒低速冲击和腐蚀氧化作用更为明显;两颊壁面处冲刷磨损与腐蚀增重作用相当。此外,分析了砂粒粒径、含砂量以及贴片材质对冲蚀速率的影响。大粒径及较高含砂量对冲蚀速率均起到增强作用;壁面的材料属性有差异,表面形貌的损伤特征亦有不同。Erosion is a complex mechanical process,in which the pipe wall material is peeled off by repeated impact of solid particles and then accompanied by corrosion.Serious erosion may cause pipeline failure or leakage,resulting in economic losses and environmental pollution.In order to study the basic pattern of erosion and main influence factors for multiphase flow bends,erosion experiment of carbon steel patchs in pipe bends with water-sand two-phase flow was carried out based on selfdesigned circulating pipes.Based on the analysis of flow characteristics in bend,and the observation of scanning electron microscopy and the erosion rate of patchs,the main damage characteristics of bend were obtained.The pipe elbow could be divided to four erosion section:outer arch wall,inter arch wall and two sides arch wall.Mass loss of carton patch was obvious due to impinging solid particles on outer arch wall while mass increase of carton patch was dominant due to oxygen corrosion on inter arch wall.Impinging solid particles and oxygen corrosion were also existing on two side arch walls.The parameters effect on the erosion such as solid particles sizes,sand percent and target material property are discussed based on the tests.The first two effects would enhance patch erosion rate.For different material property of patches,it was also different on the damage characteristics.

关 键 词：砂粒 多相流 冲蚀 影响因素 碳钢贴片 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]